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RecordNumber
1300
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CallNo
ENG3 210
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Author
المالكي، صلاح
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English Author
Salah Mahdi Yousif Al Maliki
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FarsiTitle
تكنيكهاي زبانشناختي و منظورشناختي به كار رفته توسط دانشجويان عراقي رشته زبان انگليسي براي پذيرش يا ردّ دعوت: تمركز بر حالت (گفتاري يا نوشتاري) و مخاطبين
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Title
Linguistic and Pragmatic Strategies Used by Iraqi EFL University Students for Accepting and Declining Invitations: Mode and Audience in Focus
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Degree
دكتري
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Date
11-09-2024
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Collation
190 p.
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Supervisor
دكتر عزيزالله دباغي
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Consultor
زهرا اميريان ورنوسفادراني
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Persain Descriptors
Pragma-linguistic features , pragmatics , speech act , speech act of invitation
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English Abstract
This study was an attempt to examine how the speech act of invitation has been affected by different factors such as social status of the inviter, gender, and age. It also investigated the pragma-linguistic strategies Iraqi EFL university students of English Language and Literature, at Mustansiriyah University employed when accepting and refusing invitations. Two essential variables, social status and gender, were taken into consideration to show their effects on the selection of the strategies. 160 participants with equal number of males and females were selected based on the results of the Oxford Placement Test: 80 participants for the Telegram context (40 females and 40 males) and 80 participants for the face-to-face context (40 females and 40 males). Twelve daily life situations were given to the students in both contexts. Participants were divided into four groups or cases. These cases were as follows (male-male), (male-female), (female-female), and (female-male) interactions. Three situations were given in each case. These three situations focused on the social status level as well as gender. They were as follows: High to Low, Low to High and Equal Level. Two models were employed in this study. The first one was Al-Khatib’s (2006) which provides the strategies employed for accepting invitations. The other one was Beebe et al’s. (1990) which gives a thorough description for refusal strategies that might be employed. The results showed that the participants paid close attention to the social status and gender of the inviter before selecting the acceptance or refusal strategies. Most participants showed high degree of respect and were polite in their responses especially when declining invitations since declining is considered as a face-threatening act. Thanking and appreciation, expressing gratitude were among the most dominant strategies employed by the majority of participants when accepting invitations. Showing regret, expressing good wishes, and giving reasons or justifications were the most commonly used declining strategies. The participants in general tried to show their gratitude and thanks not only in accepting, but also in refusing, a matter that reflects their polite nature and showed their keenness not to hurt others’ feeling or threaten their face via the employment of certain strategies. The statistical analyses also showed that the two variables, social status and gender were highly influential and played significant roles in determining the type of strategies. This study offered implications for taking pragmatic aspects of language into account in EFL context of Iraq.
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FarsiAbstract
افراد از كنش هاي گفتاري متعددي در ارتباطات روزمره خود استفاده مي كنند. آنها تكنيكهاي مختلفي را براي دعوت، عذرخواهي، درخواست، سفارش و غيره به كار مي برند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسي اين مساله بود كه چگونه دعوت به عنوان يك كنش گفتاري تحت تاثير عواملي نظير طبقه اجتماعي و جنسيت افراد قرار مي گيرد. همچنين اين پژوهش تكنيكهاي زباني-منظور شناختي به كار برده شده توسط فراگيران سطح متوسط زبان انگليسي در دانشگاه مستنصريه عراق به منظور پذيرش يا ردّ دعوت را مورد بررسي قرار داد. بدين منظور، 160 دانشجوي سطح متوسط زبان انگليسي (80 زن و 80 مرد) بر اساس عملكردشان در آزمون تعسسن سطح سريع آكسفورد انتخاب شدند. اين افراد به طور مساوي در دو گروه تعامل رو در رو و تعامل تلگرامي قرار گرفتند كه در هر يك از اين دو گروه به تعداد مساوي زن و مرد وجود داشت (40 مرد و 40 زن). لز اين افراد خواسته شد در موقعيتهاي مختلف (بر اساس سطح اجتماعي و جنسيت) استراتژي مناسب را براي پذيرش يا ردّ دعوت استفاده كنند. براي بررسي استراتژيهاي پذيرش دعوت از مدل الخطيب (2006) و براي بررسي استراتژيهاي ردّ دعوت از مدل بيب و همكاران (1990) استفاده شد. نتايج نشان داد افراد از استراتژيهاي زباني-منظورشناختي متفاوتي براي پذيرش يا ردّ دعوت استفاده مي كنند. هنگام ردّ دعوت بويژه در تعاملات رو در رو اين استراتژيها گفتار آنان را محترمانه تر و مودبانه تر مي كند. در اين راستا، تشكر و قدرداني، ابراز تاسف و داشتن آرزوهاي خوب و يا توجيه عدم پذيرش دعوت، استراتژيهاي غالب بودند. در مجموع نتايج نشان داد كه دو متغير سطح اجتماعي و جنسيت تاثير به سزايي در انتخاب استراتژي داشتند. نتايج، راهكارهاي مفيدي در زمينه آموزش جنبه هاي منظورشناختي زبان انگليسي در كشور عراق ارائه نمود.
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DataEntry Person
صلاح المالكي
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identification number
4001735007
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field
آموزش زبان انگليسي
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educational group
زبان و ادبيات انگليسي
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persain approval page
121510
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english letter approval page
121511
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number of chapters
5
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full text
121512
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full text word latex
121513
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home pages
121514
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chapter one
121515
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second chapter
121516
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chapter 3
121517
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chapter 4
121518
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chapter 5
121519
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table of contents
121520
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sources of references
121521
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english descriptors
ويژگيهاي زباني-منظورشناختي , كنش گفتاري , كنش گفتاري دعوت , واقع بيني
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english descriptors - جزئيات
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