تبيين رابطه دلبستگي به والدين و سبك هاي فرزند پروري ادراك شده با تصميم گيري شغلي با ميانجي گري ظرفيت ذهني سازي دانش آموزان مقطع متوسطه

Explaining the relationship between attachment to parents an‎d perceived parenting styles with career decision-making through the mediation of mentalizing capacity in high school students

مشاوره

Adolescence is one of the fundamental stages of individual development, during which career decision-making, as a complex an‎d multidimensional process, plays a crucial role in shaping individuals’ future paths. Career decision-making is influenced by numerous factors, among which the family an‎d its characteristics, as one of the most important developmental contexts, have a significant impact on this process. Given the importance of family-related factors an‎d mentalizing capacity in explaining adolescents’ career decision-making, the present study aimed to investigate the role of attachment styles, perceived parenting styles, an‎d mentalizing capacity in adolescents’ career decision-making, as well as to examine the mediating role of mentalizing capacity. The present study was descriptive–correlational in design. The statistical population included all female an‎d male adolescents aged 13 to 18 years an‎d their mothers during the 2024–2025 academic year in Najafabad city. The research sample consisted of 350 adolescents (180 girls an‎d 170 boys), who were selec‎ted through cluster ran‎dom sampling from first- an‎d second-level secondary schools. Research instruments included the Career Decision Scale (CDS), the revised Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire (ECR-R), the Perceptions of Parenting Styles Questionnaire (POPS), an‎d the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire for Youth (RFQ-Y). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 through Pearson correlation an‎d stepwise regression methods. The findings indicated that anxious an‎d avoidant attachment styles were significantly an‎d negatively associated with career decision-making. In addition, parental warmth an‎d encouragement, as well as autonomy support from both fathers an‎d mothers, showed a significant positive relationship with career decision-making, whereas parental involvement demonstrated a significant negative relationship with career decision-making. Mediation analysis results revealed that anxious attachment style was directly associated with career decision-making, while avoidant attachment style an‎d perceived parenting styles were indirectly associated with career decision-making through mentalizing capacity. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was found between parental warmth an‎d encouragement an‎d mentalizing capacity, while parental involvement was significantly an‎d negatively related to mentalizing capacity. Mentalizing capacity also showed a significant positive relationship with career decision-making. Overall, the findings suggest that mentalizing capacity plays an important role in explaining the relationship between family factors an‎d adolescents’ career decision-making an‎d can be considered a key component in counseling interventions an‎d programs aimed at enhancing adolescents’ career decision-making.

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