تحليل تأثير ديپلماسي انرژي بر گسترش روابط روسيه و چين بعد از جنگ اوكراين 2022

Abstract The Russia-Ukraine war an‎d the extensive Western sanctions imposed on Russia since 2022 have altered the country’s energy diplomacy an‎d redirected part of its oil an‎d gas exports from European to Asian markets, particularly China. In this context, expan‎ding energy cooperation between Russia an‎d China has become a means of mitigating the effects of sanctions an‎d maintaining Russia’s export markets, while also contributing to China’s energy security. Accordingly, this study examines the impact of Russia’s post-war energy diplomacy on the expansion of energy cooperation with China an‎d its implications from the perspective of energy geopolitics. The main research question is: How has Russia’s energy diplomacy after the Ukraine war affected energy cooperation with China? The study hypothesizes that the war an‎d Western sanctions, by shifting Russia’s energy diplomacy toward the East, have intensified energy cooperation with China an‎d contributed to the reconfiguration of energy geopolitics in Eurasia. The study employs the theoretical framework of energy geopolitics, with an emphasis on realism, to analyze Russia-China energy relations based on factors such as national interests, energy security, an‎d geopolitical power. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach an‎d uses library an‎d documentary methods for data collection. Data were collected from academic sources, official documents, an‎d reliable international reports an‎d analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that the Ukraine war has shifted Russia’s energy diplomacy toward an “Eastward Turn” strategy an‎d expan‎ded its energy cooperation with China. Increased oil an‎d gas exports, the development of energy-transfer infrastructure, an‎d long-term agreements have been among the main manifestations of this shift. China, in turn, has used these circumstances to strengthen its energy security an‎d position in the global energy market. Despite opportunities such as increased energy trade an‎d the consolidation of Russia’s export market, this cooperation faces challenges including Russia’s growing dependence on the Chinese market, sanctions-related constraints, an‎d differences in the strategic priorities of the two countries. Overall, the Ukraine war has not only altered energy flows but also deepened the strategic cooperation between Russia an‎d China an‎d contributed to the reconfiguration of energy geopolitics in Eurasia. Keywords: Energy Diplomacy, Russia, China, Ukraine War (2022 (

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