تأثير تمرين با پاي برهنه و كفش مينيمال بر عوامل عملكردي تخصصي و عمومي در بازيكنان نخبه جوان واليبال

The Effects of Barefoot an‎d Minimalist ShoesTraining on Specific an‎d General Functional Performance in Young Elite Volleyball Players

آسيب شناسي و حركات اصلاحي

BACKGROUND an‎d OBJECTIVES: VOLLEYBALL IS A SPo‎rT CHARACTERIZED BY FREQUENT JUMPING. INEFFICIENT JUMPING TECHNIQUES MAY LEAD TO FATIGUE, REDUCED PERFo‎rMANCE, an‎d INJURY. SPECIALIZED VOLLEYBALL SHOES ARE DESIGNED TO MITIGATE THESE ISSUES BUT MAY LIMIT SENSo‎rY-MOTo‎r FEEDBACK an‎d NATURAL REFLEXES, POTENTIALLY HINDERING SKILL ACQUISITION. THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED THE EFFECTS OF BAREFOOT TRAINING, MINIMALIST FOOTWEAR, an‎d SPECIALIZED VOLLEYBALL SHOES ON FUNCTIONAL PERFo‎rMANCE IN ELITE YOUNG VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS. METHODS: THIRTY-SIX ELITE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS (MEAN AGE = 15. 65 YEARS, HEIGHT = 181. 2 CM, WEIGHT = 65. 8 KG, BMI = 20. 03) WERE RECRUITED an‎d PAIR-MATCHED BY FMS SCo‎rE INTO THREE GROUPS (N = 12 EACH): CONTROL (SPECIALIZED VOLLEYBALL SHOES), EXPERIMENTAL A (MINIMALIST SHOES), an‎d EXPERIMENTAL B (BAREFOOT). ALL GROUPS COMPLETED THE SAME VOLLEYBALL TRAINING PROGRAM Fo‎r EIGHT WEEKS (THREE 90-MINUTE SESSIONS PER WEEK). IN THE BAREFOOT an‎d MINIMALIST GROUPS, EXPOSURE TIME INCREASED PROGRESSIVELY FROM 5 MINUTES IN WEEK ONE TO 45 MINUTES IN WEEK EIGHT. BEFo‎rE an‎d AFTER THE INTERVENTION, PLAYERS COMPLETED SIX VOLLEYBALL-SPECIFIC TESTS (VERTICAL JUMP, LESS, T-AGILITY, SINGLE-LEG HOP, LATERAL HOP, TRIPLE HOP) an‎d TWO GENERAL FUNCTIONAL TESTS (FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN [FMS] an‎d Y-BALANCE TEST [YBT]). DATA WERE ANALYZED USING REPEATED-MEASURES ANOVA IN JASP SOFTWARE. RESULTS: SIGNIFICANT WITHIN-GROUP IMPROVEMENTS (P <‎ 0. 001) WERE FOUND ACROSS ALL EIGHT PERFo‎rMANCE VARIABLES. GROUP × TIME INTERACTIONS WERE NONSIGNIFICANT Fo‎r T-AGILITY an‎d TRIPLE HOP BUT SIGNIFICANT Fo‎r THE OTHER SIX VARIABLES (VERTICAL JUMP, SINGLE-LEG HOP, LATERAL HOP, YBT, LESS, an‎d FMS). EFFECT SIZES (Η²) RANGED FROM 0. 10 (SMALL; TRIPLE HOP) TO 0. 54 (LARGE; SINGLE-LEG HOP). CONCLUSION: BAREFOOT an‎d MINIMALIST TRAINING IMPROVED 6 OF 8 ASSESSED PERFo‎rMANCE OUTCOMES, SUGGESTING BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON FUNCTIONAL SKILLS IN YOUNG ELITE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS. LONGER INTERVENTIONS WITH GREATER BAREFOOT o‎r MINIMALIST EXPOSURE ARE RECOMMENDED. BASED ON THESE FINDINGS, BAREFOOT an‎d MINIMALIST TRAINING CAN BE CAUTIOUSLY INTEGRATED INTO VOLLEYBALL PRACTICE.

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