مقايسه فضيلت عدالت در رويكرد اسلامي خواجه طوسي و رويكرد سكولار كنت اسپونويل

Comparison of the Virtue of Justice in the Islamic Approach of Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi an‎d the Secular Approach of an‎dré Comte- Stoneville

معارف اسلامي

Justice is one of the most fundamental value concepts in the fields of theology, moral philosophy, an‎d social sciences, an‎d has long been a focus of attention for thinkers, philosophers, an‎d theologians across various schools of thought. This research conducts a descriptive-analytical-comparative study of the virtue of justice within two intellectual systems: Islamic an‎d secular. To this end, Nasirean Ethics by Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi has been selec‎ted as a prominent representative of Islamic ethics, an‎d A Short Treatise on the Great Virtues by an‎dré Comte-Sponville as a representative of contemporary secular ethics. The findings of this study indicate that although both thinkers emphasize the central position of justice as a fundamental virtue for the felicity of the individual an‎d society, their epistemological an‎d anthropological foundations create fundamental differences in the definition an‎d function of the concept of justice. From Tusiʹs perspective, justice is defined as the moderation of the soulʹs faculties an‎d a key virtue within a God-centered system, which, in alignment with reason an‎d revelation, guides the individual an‎d society towards perfection. In contrast, Comte-Sponville, relying on a reason independent of religion, understan‎ds justice primarily as safeguarding equality an‎d respecting the inherent dignity of the human being within the framework of worldly social relations. This comparison ultimately explains that the difference in religious-metaphysical an‎d secular foundations leads to differences in the scope, definition, an‎d function of justice in these two ethical systems; nevertheless, it is possible to find common grounds for intercultural dialogue in the field of applied ethics.

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