تحليل اثرات نوآوري‌هاي فناورانه بر جريان‌هاي تجاري كشورهاي عضو سازمان همكاري‌ اقتصادي (اكو)

The impact of technological innovations on Iranʹs exports to selec‎ted ECO member countries (application of the gravity model)

اقتصاد

Abstract In today’s global economy, technological innovations an‎d investments in research an‎d development are recognized as the main drivers of competitiveness an‎d economic growth. Given the dependence of the member countries of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) on the export of raw resources an‎d their urgent need for economic diversification, the main objective of this study is to analyze the effects of technological innovations on the trade flows of selec‎ted ECO member countries. In terms of purpose, this research is applied, an‎d in terms of nature it is descriptive–analytical. The statistical population consists of Iran an‎d seven selec‎ted ECO member countries (Iran, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey) over the period 2010–2023. To test the research hypotheses, the generalized gravity model of trade was employed within a panel data framework. The findings indicate that the ratio of the Global Innovation Index (GII) an‎d the ratio of internet usage have a positive an‎d statistically significant effect on bilateral exports of goods an‎d services, confirming the important role of a knowledge based economy in the development of regional trade. Moreover, the population ratio an‎d the ratio of GDP per capita also exert a positive effect on services exports an‎d goods exports. In contrast, the variables of geographical distance an‎d exchange rate have a negative an‎d statistically significant impact on bilateral export flows of goods an‎d services. Keywords: Innovation, Technological innovation indicators, Exports, Gravity model of trade, Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO).

5 فصل

161810