تبيين جامعه شناختي نگرش دانشجويان دختر مقطع كارشناسي دانشگاه اصفهان به مسئله فرزندآوري

Contemporary social، cultural، an‎d economic transformations have led to significant shifts in young people’s attitudes toward childbearing. Understan‎ding these attitudes، particularly among university students who represent the future generation of society، is of great importance. Their decisions regarding childbearing not only shape their personal lives but also influence population dynamics an‎d the broader process of social development. The present study aimed to identify the individual، social، cultural، an‎d economic factors influencing attitudes toward childbearing among female students at the University of Isfahan. This research employed a quantitative survey design. The main instrument for data collection was a researcher-designed questionnaire derived from validated scales used in previous studies. Following expert review an‎d reliability testing، redundant an‎d weak items were removed. The final version of the questionnaire consisted of nine sections an‎d fifty-five items، with internal consistency confirmed through Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. The statistical population included all female students at the University of Isfahan، among whom 409 participants were selec‎ted through sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face distribution of questionnaires، coded، an‎d analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics were employed to examine demographic variables an‎d item-level distributions، while inferential analysis was conducted using simple an‎d multiple regression models. The findings revealed that religiosity، social support، an‎d lived experience had a significant positive effect on attitudes toward childbearing. Conversely، emphasis on physical beauty an‎d the expansion of modernist values negatively influenced such attitudes. Economic status an‎d the number of children in the nuclear family showed partial correlations in some models، but their effects were not significant in the final regression model. Overall، the comprehensive multiple regression model accounted for approximately 53% of the variance in attitudes toward childbearing. From a theoretical perspective، the results align with functionalist theory، social capital approaches، an‎d modernization theory. These findings highlight the continuing role of religious values an‎d social support networks in fostering positive attitudes toward family an‎d fertility، while individualistic orientations an‎d bodily concerns serve as inhibiting factors. The study’s implications underscore the necessity of population policies that strengthen supportive networks، promote cultural an‎d religious values، an‎d address concerns related to economic conditions an‎d bodily changes following childbearing. Furthermore، educational an‎d cultural programs at the university level can play a vital role in shaping more favorable attitudes toward childbearing among students.

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