نقش شهرداري ها در پيشگيري از جرم با نگاهي بر مدل هاي موفق جهاني

Abstrac With the increasing growth of urbanization in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries, the challenges an‎d shortcomings of urban life have intensified. Among these challenges is the increase in crime an‎d violence in cities an‎d the resulting sense of insecurity, which makes the need to confront this issue an‎d to plan for crime prevention an undeniable an‎d essential necessity.Scholars in the social sciences—such as sociologists—have, each from their own perspective, studied crime an‎d the strategies for preventing it. However, one factor that should never be overlooked is the effective role of the management of human communities, which is referred to as urban management. Urban management, as one of the fundamental pillars of sustainable development in contemporary societies, plays an important role in improving citizens’ quality of life an‎d enhancing urban productivity .Many governmental bodies, as components of urban management within their respective duties, impose on the public certain obligations under general an‎d specific legal regulations; violations of these obligations are treated as crimes, an‎d the acts of offenders are considered punishable. Nevertheless, pursuant to the current regulations of the country, these institutions themselves also have duties an‎d responsibilities, an‎d neglecting them can lead to the occurrence of many crimes. Among the most active public organizations—especially in large cities—are municipalities. Municipalities have a direct relationship with the public, an‎d a significant portion of citizens, for various reasons, refer to municipalities concerning their urban affairs. It is also worth noting that certain urban factors can have a particular impact on the increase of crime; therefore, municipalities’ role in adopting preventive measures aimed at reducing crime is highly significant .The present study follows a qualitative approach an‎d is of a descriptive–analytical type, carried out through documentary an‎d comparative studies. By collecting an‎d analyzing library resources, scientific–research articles, official documents, by-laws, an‎d reports published by urban institutions, a clear picture of the current situation is presented The aim of this research is to demonstrate the role of municipalities an‎d unified urban management in the prevention of crime. This is because, considering the role they have in administrative policing an‎d urban management unity as the primary authorities in city governance, municipalities can, through urban planning, play an important role in changing the physical an‎d spatial conditions of cities an‎d in applying environmental design in order to reduce crime

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