تحليل ميزان تحقق‌پذيري گردشگري هوشمند و شبكه‌سازي اكولوژيكي آن در سواحل خزر

Analysis of Feasibility of smart tourism an‎d its ecological networking in the Caspian coast

جغرافيا

Smart tourism, as one of the new approaches in planning an‎d managing tourism destinations, has attracted the attention of researchers an‎d policymakers in recent years in response to the challenges posed by mass tourism, increasing pressure on natural resources, an‎d the complexity of touristsʹ needs. At the same time, the need to protect sensitive ecosystems an‎d strengthen ecological continuity has highlighted the importance of ecological networking in the framework of sustainable tourism development. In this regard, the present study aimed to analyze the feasibility of smart tourism an‎d its ecological networking in the southern coastal strip of the Caspian Sea, from Astara to Gomishan. This study is developmental-applied in terms of purpose an‎d descriptive-analytical in nature, an‎d was conducted with a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach. In the first stage, using systematic content analysis of scientific sources an‎d reliable documents, as well as expert opinions, indicators an‎d components effective in the realization of smart tourism an‎d ecological networking were extracted an‎d coded. In the second stage, using the classical Delphi technique in two rounds, the indicators were validated an‎d finalized. Then, in the quantitative part, Friedmanʹs nonparametric test was used to prioritize the indicators an‎d one-sample t-test was used to assess the current status of the region. Subsequently, by using strategic planning techniques an‎d the TOPSIS multi-attribute model, effective strategies for realizing smart tourism an‎d strengthening the ecological network of the region were identified an‎d ranked. Also, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to weight an‎d spatially prioritize attractions an‎d draw analytical maps. The research findings show that the level of realization of smart tourism on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, despite having rich natural an‎d ecological capacities, faces challenges such as inequality of smart infrastructure, weak integrated management, lack of up-to-date data, an‎d pressure from mass tourism. At the same time, the results indicate that the targeted use of new technologies, data-driven governance, institutional cooperation, an‎d stakeholder participation can play an effective role in promoting ecological sustainability, improving the management of tourist flows, an‎d strengthening the connectivity of ecological networks. Finally, the research, by presenting a set of prioritized strategies, proposes a practical framework for realizing smart tourism in line with the protection an‎d sustainability of the ecological network of the Caspian coast.

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