تبيين و تحليل نگرش فيلسوفان يونان باستان نسبت به ايرانيان در دوره هخامنشي از قرن ششم ق.م تا قرن چهارم ق.م(از تالس تا ارسطو)

Explanation an‎d Anlysis of the Attitude of Ancient Greece Philosophers Towards Persians During the Achaemenid Period From 6th Century BC to 4th Century BC (From Thales to Aristotle)

تاريخ

The widespread presence of Iranians on the coast of Ionia due to the wars of Medians an‎d Lydians an‎d thereafter following the conquests of Cyrus the Great an‎d Croseus’ defeat, set the stage for acquaintance with an‎d knowledge of Iranians among Greeks. Ramaining philosophical works of Ancient Greece contain little about Iranians an‎d the role they played in those areas. The value of these works is that their authors, being elites of Greek city-states, have provided with their way of dealing with an‎d their view towards Iranians. Considering the Achaemenid policy of maximal absorption of different nations an‎d peoples’ elites, this opportunity was also available for Greek philosophers to get accostumed with eastern cultures an‎d knowledge closely an‎d travel to lan‎ds close an‎d far, all being parts of Achaemenid Empire. Indications of such cultural relations can be seen in different aspects of these philosophers’ systems of thought. Even though conflicts between Achaemenid Emperors an‎d some Greek city-states resulted in a negative view among some groups of Greeks, in remaining philosophical texts by these philosophers, setting Aristotle aside, such hostile views which were often of political nature were not observed. In contrast, they can often manifest a form of bonding an‎d intellectual impact between Iranian sages an‎d Greek philosophers. This study which was prepared through analytical-descriptive method an‎d by use of library resources, aims to show that the span of versatile ethnicities an‎d cultures of Achaemenid Empire an‎d its civilizational attraction for many Greek philosophers created a world of new ideas an‎d worldviews through which their acquaintance an‎d cultural an‎d scientific exchanges with Iranian intellectuals an‎d elites resulted in the emergence an‎d growth of philosophical thought in Greece an‎d in some of them caused their solemn criticism of theological systems an‎d beliefs.

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