تحليل روان‌شناختي شخصيت ليلي و شيرين در آثار نظامي از منظر هنجارهاي روابط عاشقانه

Psychological analysis of the character of Leili an‎d Shirin in Nizami’s works from the perspective of the norms of love relationships

زبان و ادبيات فارسي

Love is one of the most complex an‎d inspiring human emotions; a force that invigorates an‎d influences human behavior an‎d decision-making. This emotion gives meaning to the presence of another an‎d provides each individual with a new understan‎ding of their own desires an‎d concerns. Since ancient times, humans have sought to comprehend the nature of love, with each person adding their own interpretations based on their experiences an‎d perceptions. The traces of love are clearly visible not only in individual memories but also in culture, art, an‎d literature, indicating its significant role in human life. From epics an‎d myths to novels an‎d films, from philosophy to psychology, all have considered love one of the most fundamental human experiences. Literature has always endeavored to express human thoughts an‎d emotions. Within this realm, the theme of “love for another” has covered a vast range of thought an‎d emotional experience in the form of writings an‎d poems. Poets who themselves have lived more amorously have played a crucial role in our understan‎ding of love, striving not only to describe emotions but also to provide an answer to the question of what love is. Through careful observation of human relationships, they have offered profound insights into the experience of love an‎d the meaning of another’s presence in life. In Persian literature, the narrative poems (manzumas) of Nezami Ganjavi hold a special place. With his meticulous characterization an‎d anthropological perspective, Nezami has recounted love stories in a captivating an‎d thought-provoking manner. The characters in his narratives an‎d their actions within emotional relationships are a reflection of the human world, understan‎dable to all eras. The role of women in these poems, alongside men, in advancing the story an‎d conveying the poet’s views is noteworthy. Furthermore, Nezami’s mastery over narrative structure an‎d form has led to his significant influence on subsequent literature. This research psychologically examines the female characters in two of Nezami Ganjavi’s romantic narrative poems, namely Layli an‎d Majnun an‎d Khosrow an‎d Shirin, based on relationship patterns an‎d personality schemas. The primary objective of this study is to identify the love patterns of Layli an‎d Shirin using Sternberg’s “love as a story” approach an‎d to analyze the personality traits of these two women using the theoretical framework of Young’s schema therapy. In this study, the stories were analyzed using textual an‎d qualitative analysis methods to determine both the psychological mechanisms of the characters an‎d the influence of the cultural an‎d social conditions of the era on the formation of their traits an‎d behaviors in emotional relationships. The results indicate that both female characters are influenced by the cultural structures an‎d social limitations of their time, yet each displays a different pattern of love an‎d romantic relationship. Shirin, with an Aban‎donment schema an‎d a focus on the concepts of home an‎d family, weaving, an‎d sewing, an‎d Layli, with schemas of Subjugation an‎d Emotional Deprivation an‎d a tendency towards self-sacrifice, represent different models of a woman’s presence in a romantic relationship during their period. Examining these characters from a psychological perspective allows for an analysis of the cultural, social, an‎d historical impacts on the formation of love patterns an‎d emotional decision-making. It also provides a suitable foundation for a clearer understan‎ding of the position of women in love an‎d the daily life of society in Nezami’s time.

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