چكيده لاتين
This study undertakes a critical examination and assessment of Nietzsche’s claim that modern science constitutes a continuation and perpetuation of the "ascetic ideal." The central problem of the research originates from the crisis of meaning following the proclamation of the "death of God": if the theological foundations underpinning Christian ethics have collapsed, what relationship obtains among the will to truth, nihilism, and the affirmation or denial of life? The principal hypothesis is that, from Nietzsche’s perspective, the "will to truth"—which assumed a moral and religious form within Christianity—persists in modern science in an ostensibly secular guise; consequently, science represents not an alternative to the ascetic ideal, but rather its latter-day manifestation.
The research methodology is analytical, grounded in a critical re-reading of Nietzsche’s works, particularly On the Genealogy of Morality, and is supplemented by engagement with contemporary interpretive scholarship. Within this framework, the conceptual structure of the ascetic ideal and its function in bestowing meaning upon suffering are first elucidated; subsequently, it is demonstrated how the will to truth, as the central value of this ideal, is reproduced in modern science while simultaneously, through its relentless expansion, erodes its own evaluative foundations and exacerbates nihilism.
In the next step, Nietzsche’s proposal to turn to tragic art—especially in its Dionysian formulation—is analyzed as a means of affirming becoming, suffering, and mortality. From Nietzsche’s perspective, art, by acknowledging its own "honest illusion," opens up a possibility for the creation of meaning without recourse to an absolute truth.
The final section of the study is devoted to a critical appraisal of this intellectual framework. The findings indicate that Nietzsche’s genealogy faces both historical and metaethical challenges; his critique of scientific objectivity does not encompass all ends of science; and art cannot serve as a complete substitute for the epistemic and technical functions of science. Nonetheless, Nietzsche’s analysis opens up a significant horizon for understanding the nexus between the modern pursuit of truth and the crisis of meaning, revealing that the problem of science is, in the final analysis, a problem of value and of a mode of living.
