چكيده لاتين
Morphology, a branch of linguistics, studies the structure of words and examines how words are formed in a language. The present research is dedicated to the analysis and comparison of word formation in two stories from Ferdowsiʹs Shahnameh: "Rostam and Sohrab" and "Bijan and Manijeh." In the Shahnameh, epic and lyrical elements are seen alongside each other; the story of Rostam and Sohrab stands out as an epic narrative, while the story of Bijan and Manijeh is characterized by its lyrical nature. Consequently, there are differences in terms of phonetics, vocabulary, morphology, and syntax.
This research, aimed at elucidating the differences between lyrical and epic styles, seeks to answer the question of how the structure of words differs in lyrical and epic language. To this end, the structure of words in both stories was thoroughly examined, revealing that the usage of simple vocabulary in "Bijan and Manijeh" is greater than in "Rostam and Sohrab." Moreover, the derived and compound words in both tales encounter notable differences; the story of "Bijan and Manijeh" utilizes more derived words, primarily in the category of adjectives, while "Rostam and Sohrab" features a greater number of compound adverbs.
The analyses indicate that the use of specific prefixes and suffixes in word formation differs between the two narratives. Due to its epic nature, "Rostam and Sohrab" contains shorter sentences and, consequently, fewer simple nouns. In contrast, "Bijan and Manijeh" encompasses a wider variety of derived and compound words, reflecting the literary type of the two works. Therefore, the type and literary style of a work significantly impact its word formation, and the observed differences arise from this comparison.
