تحليل روايات تفسيري آيات تعدد زوجات، قواميت مردان نسبت به زنان و تنبيه بدني زن در سوره نساء براساس تفاسير اماميه (الصافي، البرهان، نورالثقلين)

Analysis of the interpretive narrations of the verses on polygamy, menʹs authority over women, an‎d physical punishment of women in Surah An-Nisa based on the Imamiyyah interpretations (Al-Safi, Al-Burhan, Noor al-Thaqlain)

معارف اهل‌البيت(ع)

The verses related to women an‎d their rights in Surah An-Nisa are among the most important jurisprudential, legal, an‎d social issues that require careful an‎d comprehensive examination. Since the interpretative narrations of the Infallibles (peace be upon them) are a path-breaker an‎d answer the doubts raised in this regard, it is necessary not to ignore such narrations an‎d to use them to obtain the truth. The purpose of this study is to analyze the interpretive narrations of the verses on polygamy, qaamit, nashooz, an‎d zaraab of women in Surah An-Nisa based on the interpretations of al-Safi, al-Burhan, an‎d Nur al-Thaqalayn. In this study, a comparative descriptive-analytical method was used to examine the interpretive narrations. The findings of the study show that the interpretive narrations offer diverse perspectives on polygamy, qaamit, an‎d nashooz of women. Regarding polygamy, while examining the interpretative narrations of three interpretations, we come to the conclusion that the narrations consider polygamy permissible subject to observing financial justice, an‎d even in case of fear of committing injustice, it is not permissible for a person to have more than one permanent wife. The ruling on the permissibility of polygamy is specific to men solely for the sake of preserving the kinship system an‎d does not include women; on the other han‎d, Islam has provided men with another solution called mutʹah, which is permissible for them in certain circumstances by observing the relevant rulings. Regarding the issue of guardianship, he considers the narrations to mean the responsibility an‎d guardianship of men towards their wives, an‎d he considers its cause to be a virtue that exists in men in terms of the power of reason, the ability to do difficult tasks, an‎d the like, an‎d this virtue is not a kind of value superiority, but rather refers to the executive duty of men. Regarding the abuse an‎d beating of women, while examining the narrations, he has divided the three interpretations of the stages of abuse into three stages: preaching an‎d advice, separation an‎d distancing in bed, an‎d beating that does not cause any physical harm to the woman an‎d has a corrective aspect to her. If each stage is fulfilled in order, the turn for the next stage does not occur. In general, it can be said that the interpretive narrations in all three commentaries have tried, in addition to the interpretive differences an‎d some contradictions they have, to help in a more correct understan‎ding of these verses an‎d to remove ambiguities by presenting a comprehensive an‎d balanced interpretation of the verses in question.

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