تغيير فاصله كانوني يك عدسي مايع با دما براي اندازه گيري ضرايب غير خطي يك نمونه آزمايشگاهي با استفاده از برپايي تجربي روبش f

In this study, the application of a thermally-tunable liquid lens for measuring the nonlinear optical coefficients of silver nanoparticles was investigated. The lens, based on silicone oil, allows precise adjustment of its focal length through temperature variation, enabling control of the light intensity on the sample without mechanical movement. To determine the nonlinear refractive index an‎d nonlinear absorption, the f-scan technique was employed. In this method, the sample remains fixed while the focal length of the lens, adjusted by temperature, replaces the mechanical movement of the sample used in the traditional z-scan approach. Experiments were conducted on silver nanoparticle samples, an‎d the nonlinear refractive index an‎d absorption coefficients were measured experimentally. The results demonstrated that the designed liquid lens successfully reproduces the characteristic peak–valley pattern in the closed-aperture configuration, with good agreement with values obtained from the traditional method. This study indicates that thermally tunable liquid lenses is a precise, reliable, an‎d efficient tool for measuring nonlinear optical coefficients an‎d it can be served as a practical alternative to conventional mechanical approaches. Therefore, this approach can be considered a simple an‎d effective strategy for improving classical z-scan measurements.

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