مدلسازي مديريت ريسك‌هاي مالي باشگاه‌هاي ليگ برتري فوتبال كشور

The purpose of the present study was to model financial risk management of Premier League football clubs in Iran. In terms of purpose, this research is applied in nature; regarding methodology, it adopts a mixed qualitative–quantitative design; an‎d in terms of reasoning, it follows an inductive–exploratory approach. The qualitative research population consisted of experts in sport management an‎d financial affairs, financial managers an‎d deputies of Premier League football clubs, as well as academic scholars specializing in sport management an‎d financial management. The quantitative research population included university professors of sport management an‎d financial management, students, as well as experts knowledgeable in financial affairs, managers an‎d financial-executive experts in Iran premier league football clubs. The sampling method in the qualitative phase was purposive using the snowball technique, while in the quantitative phase, convenience sampling was applied. Data collection instruments included library studies an‎d in-depth interviews for the qualitative phase, an‎d a researcher-made questionnaire for the quantitative phase. A total of 15 interviews were conducted, an‎d data saturation was reached after the thirteenth interview. For qualitative data analysis, the grounded theory approach based on Charmaz’s method was employed, while quantitative data analysis an‎d model validation were performed using SmartPLS 3 software. The interview data were analyzed through three stages of open, focused, an‎d selec‎tive coding. To ensure validity in the qualitative phase, Lincoln an‎d Guba’s trustworthiness criteria were applied, an‎d reliability was assessed through process auditing an‎d internal agreement. Also in the present study, the validity of the research instrument was quantitatively assessed using face validity an‎d construct validity methods, an‎d its reliability was confirmed through Cronbachʹs alpha coefficient. Review an‎d analysis of the interviews led to the extraction of 108 final concepts, which were further categorized into 19 sub-themes an‎d five main themes: Operational risk, Liquidity risk, Market risk, Credit risk, an‎d Country risk. The findings indicated that the financial risk model of Premier League football clubs in Iran comprises five hierarchical levels, with Operational risk at the lowest level an‎d Liquidity risk—identified as the most critical factor in generating financial risks—at the highest level. The results also confirmed that all research hypotheses were significant at the 95% confidence level. According to the modeling results, the financial risk management hierarchy of the clubs, from the most to the least influential factor, is as follows: Liquidity risk, Market risk, Credit risk, Country risk, an‎d Operational risk. Accordingly, it is essential for managers an‎d policymakers to identify an‎d address the key factors influencing financial risks of Premier League football clubs in Iran. The proposed model can serve as a foundation for recognizing, assessing, an‎d managing financial risks in these clubs an‎d for enhancing their financial stability an‎d sustainability.

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