انديشه وجود رابط و نقش آن در زيست معنوي بر مبناي حكمت صدرايي

The Idea of the Copulative Existence an‎d its Role on Spiritual Life based on Sadra’s Philosophy

فلسفه و كلام اسلامي

This research undertakes to elaborate the concept of " Copulative Existence " (Wujūd Rābiṭ) an‎d its influence on spiritual life, grounding itself in Mullā Ṣadrāʹs philosophical principles across both individual an‎d social spheres. The concept of Copulative Existence, a significant innovation by Mullā Ṣadrā, posits that all beings—especially humans—possess an essential dependence (taʹalluq dhātī) an‎d are utterly relational (ʹayn al-rabṭ) with respect to the Independent Divine Existence (God). By defining contingent beings as existentially poor (faqr wujūdī) an‎d subsistent upon the absolutely Self-Subsistent Wealth (Ghanī bi-dhāt), this philosophy establishes God as the focal point of the cosmic order. Reflecting upon this profound relationship guides the individualʹs spiritual path toward perfection an‎d conscious servitude, dissolving the delusion of independent existence an‎d thereby reinforcing a truly spiritual way of life. Within the scope of this study, Spiritual Life (Zīst Maʹnavī) is understood as a life oriented toward existential perfection through the recognition of this fundamental relationality, the practical application of theoretical an‎d practical wisdom, an‎d commitment to the Divine Law (Sharīʹah). In the individual domain, the study focuses on components such as the relationship between existential relationality an‎d self-awareness, the spiritual journey (sulūk) born from existential poverty, the purification of the soul (tahdhīb-i nafs), the attainment of spiritual closeness (qurb maʹnavī), an‎d spiritual maturity (bulūgh rūḥī). Correspondingly, in the social domain, the investigation covers the elements of rationality based on revelation (ʹaqlāniyyat-i waḥyānī), an existential perspective on society an‎d its members, an‎d the catalytic role of love in driving collective movement toward ultimate perfection. Using a descriptive-analytical method based on library research, the findings indicate that conscious recognition an‎d acceptance of Relational Existence offers a means to bridge the divide between theoretical knowledge (maʹrifat) an‎d practical action (ʹamal), thereby creating the conditions for a spiritual life anchored in revelational rationality. Conversely, several obstacles prevent this profound philosophical principle from taking effect in contemporary life. These barriers include the self-grounded intellect of modern humanity, worldliness, the illusion of independence, neglect of the unseen dimension, the superficiality of modern thought, the misconception of duality between God an‎d humanity, an‎d the mistaken interpretation of Relational Existence as a form of fatalism (jabrgarāʹī). Ultimately, this research underscores that a proper articulation of the human-God existential relationship not only fortifies the intellectual an‎d worldview foundation of the individualʹs spiritual life but also, on the practical level, equips them with an understan‎ding of the various challenges obstructing a meaningful existence in todayʹs complex society, facilitating a smoother transition past these hindrances.

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