چكيده لاتين
In the vast expanse of Islamic knowledge, studying the life and character of Hazrat Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is not merely a research choice, but a fundamental necessity for a deeper understanding of pure Muhammadan Islam. She, who is the link connecting Prophethood and Imamate, is the embodiment of human and Islamic values and a perfect model for both Muslim men and women. Therefore, investigating the status of this noble Lady in the exegeses of the Holy Quran, as the primary sources for understanding the religion, becomes doubly important. This investigation, on one hand, reveals a hidden and underutilized treasure of narratives and exegetical insights that bear witness to her unparalleled virtues and lofty status; and on the other hand, it provides a comprehensive and trans-sectarian understanding of her character, which cannot be achieved by relying solely on a specific exegetical tradition. Focusing on Sunni exegetical sources is not to create confrontation, but to discover common horizons and demonstrate the brilliant truth that the greatness of the beloved daughter of the Seal of the Prophets knows no bounds, and great Islamic exegetes, irrespective of their theological orientations, have acknowledged her magnificence and elevated status in the verses of the Quran.
Although the name of Hazrat Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) as the daughter of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) is familiar to all, the sublime truth of her personality and the various dimensions of her short, eventful life have always been behind a cloud of relative silence, limited narrations, and sometimes one-sided accounts. This is a clear example of "oppression despite presence"; she is present at the heart of Islamic history, but the image presented of her true status, social role, and the depth of the sacrifice she endured to preserve Islam is often incomplete and faint.
This historical oppression can be observed on several levels. The first level lies in the oppression in the realm of her actions and worldly life: the pain of being deprived of her esteemed father immediately after his passing, enduring the calamity of the attack on her house and her defense of the sanctity of Imamate, and being deprived of her legitimate right (Fadak) are only part of these unanswered sufferings. However, a deeper level of this oppression has occurred in the realm of "knowledge" and "historiography." The character of Hazrat al-Zahra (peace be upon her) has not been fully elucidated as befits the status of the "Kawthar" of the Quran and the "Umm Abiha" (Mother of her Father). Her political and social dimensions, particularly the firm and enlightening positions she took after the passing of the Prophet (PBUH), have often been overshadowed by the major political events of that era or passed over in silence.
This research aims to elucidate the status of Hazrat Fatima al-Zahra (PBUH) in the valuable ancient exegesis "Al-Kashf wa al-Bayan ʹan Tafsir al-Qur@n" by Abu Yaʹqub al-Thaʹlabi (d. 427 AH), a prominent Sunni exegete. The research method is descriptive-analytical, based on direct reference to this exegetical source.
The research findings, gathered by focusing on the verses revealed concerning her status, indicate that al-Thaʹlabi, relying on authentic narrations, attributes a relatively lofty status to Hazrat al-Zahra (PBUH). Regarding her character traits, he emphasizes her purity and infallibility. On the subject of her marriage, he highlights the divine and direct role of the Prophet (PBUH) in this union. Al-Thaʹlabi introduces her as the clear exemplar of "Khayra al-Nisaʹ" (the best of women) and the mistress of all women of the worlds in all eras.
