تأثير گابا (گاما-آمينو بوتيريك اسيد) بر تحمل به شوري گياه يونجه (Medicago sativa L.) در كشت شيشه‌اي

Soil salinity is one of the most important limiting factors for the growth an‎d yield of crops in arid an‎d semi-arid regions such as Iran. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), as a valuable forage crop, plays a key role in sustainable agricultural systems but is sensitive to salinity stress. In recent years, the use of bioregulators such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been considered an effective approach to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exogenous application of GABA on the growth, physiological, an‎d biochemical responses of alfalfa under salinity stress in an in vitro culture system. In this experiment, surface-sterilized alfalfa seeds were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of GABA with 10 an‎d 20 mg/l(Optimal concentration: 20 mg/l) an‎d sodium chloride (100 an‎d 150 Mm NaCl). Parameters including fresh an‎d dry weight of seedlings, chlorophyll content, proline, Na⁺/K⁺ ratio, antioxidant capacity, activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, APX), total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, an‎d malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The results indicated that GABA application alleviated the adverse effects of salinity by improving growth traits, enhancing chlorophyll content, maintaining better ionic balance, reducing lipid peroxidation, an‎d increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. These findings showed that GABA can be used as an effective substance to improve alfalfa tolerance to salinity an‎d contribute to our understan‎ding of its role in enhancing plant stress resistance an‎d it contributes to our knowledge about the role of GABA in increasing plant tolerance to salinity.

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