چكيده لاتين
Introduction: The aging process is accompanied by a gradual decline in physiological functions, in which oxidative stress caused by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in the development of chronic diseases and inflammation. High-intensity interval training (HIIT), by stimulating ROS production, enhances the antioxidant defense system, while supplementation with coenzyme Q10, through improving mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress, may have similar effects. However, the concurrent use of this supplement alongside HIIT may either neutralize each other’s effects or potentiate the efficacy of these interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of eight weeks of HIIT and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on cardiorespiratory fitness, biochemical markers, antioxidant capacity, and physical performance in older adults. Methods: In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, 38 inactive older adults (aged 65–75 years) were assigned to two groups: HIIT plus coenzyme Q10 supplementation and HIIT plus placebo. The HIIT protocol, specifically designed for older adults, was performed on a cycle ergometer and included two minutes of warm-up, followed by five bouts of exercise at 80–95% of maximum heart rate, and three minutes of cool-down. Participants randomly received packages containing either coenzyme Q10 capsules or placebo and consumed them daily with lunch. Before and after the intervention, the following indices were measured: maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂peak), lipid profile, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), liver enzymes (AST, ALT), oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers (MDA, SOD, GPX, TAC), the inflammatory marker CRP, and physical performance tests. Results: The findings showed that the group receiving coenzyme Q10 along with HIIT experienced significant improvements in VO₂peak, insulin sensitivity, reduction of LDL and CRP, and an increase in antioxidant capacity compared to the placebo group (P<0.05). In addition, muscle strength and functional power of the lower limbs, assessed by the five-times sit-to-stand test and the 30-second sit-to-stand test, increased significantly more in the coenzyme Q10 group. However, in other functional measures such as balance, handgrip strength, and motor tests, no significant differences were observed between groups. Conclusion Coenzyme Q10 supplementation may potentiate the effects of HIIT in improving cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolic profile, and lower limb muscle strength in older adults. It appears that the concurrent use of HIIT and coenzyme Q10 supplementation could be considered as an effective strategy for mitigating the physiological complications associated with aging.
