ارزيابي ورتبه‌بندي شاخص‌هاي لجستيك سبز در خاورميانه (مطالعه موردي: ايران و عمان)

eva‎luation an‎d Ranking of Green Logistics Indicators in the Middle East ( Case Study: Iran an‎d Oman)

مهندسي صنايع و آينده پژوهي

Abstract In recent decades, attention to international logistics issues has sharply increased, as this field plays a crucial role in facilitating trade an‎d enhancing the competitiveness of countries an‎d companies. International logistics involves managing the flow of goods, information, an‎d services from the point of origin to the destination on a global scale, encompassing activities such as material han‎dling, procurement management, packaging, freight transportation, an‎d border clearance. With the rapid growth of international trade an‎d the increasing volume of transportation between countries, sustainability issues in international logistics have become highly significant. eva‎luating an‎d ranking sustainability indicators in this field can help better understan‎d existing challenges, adopt appropriate measures, an‎d improve performance to maintain sustainability in international logistics. Given the extensive relations between Iran an‎d Yemen, this study, for the first time, focuses on extracting an‎d ranking the three pillars of sustainability indicators related to international logistics between Iran an‎d Yemen to facilitate the improvement of logistical an‎d international relations between these two countries, Initially, through a review of the literature an‎d expert opinions, the key indicators affecting logistics sustainability were identified in three dimensions: economic, social, an‎d environmental. In the economic dimension, the indicators identified include transportation costs, other costs (production an‎d maintenance), management, flexibility, service provision, timely delivery, logistics an‎d customs processes, Being process orientation, time management, an‎d quality. In the social dimension, the indicators identified are health an‎d safety, information systems, customer satisfaction, employment, staff training, social capital development, the importance of human resources in transportation, corporate social responsibility, sustainability reporting, an‎d employee satisfaction. In the environmental dimension, the identified indicators include energy consumption, pollutant emissions, environmental management, the use of environmentally friendly materials, reverse logistics, waste recycling, green technology, an‎d regulations an‎d stan‎dards. Subsequently, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach, these factors affecting international logistics sustainability were eva‎luated an‎d ranked. The results showed that the economic dimension is of high importance, followed by the environmental dimension with medium importance, an‎d the social dimension with less importance. Additionally, the results indicated that in the economic dimension, indicators such as production an‎d maintenance costs, transportation costs, quality, service provision, an‎d logistics an‎d customs processes; in the environmental dimension, indicators such as pollutant emissions, energy consumption, an‎d environmental management; an‎d in the social dimension, indicators like health an‎d safety are recognized as the most important indicators for logistics sustainability between the two countries. This eva‎luation can help identify the strengths an‎d weaknesses of the logistics system an‎d determine the necessary improvements. Ultimately, this eva‎luation can contribute to achieving sustainable trade, reducing costs, an‎d increasing efficiency in international transportation, thereby fostering economic development an‎d strengthening international relations

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