بررسي نظري و كاربردهاي فناوري پديدههاي بديع مرتبط با ابررسانايي

Theoretical Investigation an‎d Technological applications of novel phenomena related to superconductivity

فيزيك

Superconductivity, a macroscopic quantum phenomenon with zero electrical resistance an‎d magnetic field expulsion, promises remarkable advancements in technology an‎d industry. This thesis explores the diverse applications of superconducting materials, delving into their fundamental characteristics an‎d the innovative methods through which they can be exploited to achieve objectives in various fields, such as quantum information science, advanced electronics, an‎d energy infrastructures. One critical aspect for leveraging superconductivity in future technologies lies in understan‎ding an‎d controlling quantum phenomena in hybrid devices. Recent research, exemplified by studies on superconductor-semiconductor heterostructures, highlights the potential for generating entangled photon pairs, which are vital components for quantum computation. Spin-orbit coupling, significantly influences the purity of these entangled states, demonstrating how the combination of different materials can be precisely tuned to optimize quantum light sources for industrial applications. In this research, it is shown that the spin singlet pairing plays an important role to enhance the production of entangled pairs, an‎d specifically, in the mixed state, s + p pairing exhibits the highest purity at θ = 0, π. For pure singlet pairing the highest purity is obtained from conventional s-wave pairing. Furthermore pure triplet pairing exhibits maximum purity of entangled photons at φ = 0, π for equal-Rashba–Dresselhaus SOCs case. Furthermore, the robustness of topological superconductors against various decoherences is of paramount importance for the development of fault-tolerant quantum computing architectures. Qubits based on Majorana fermions in the topological superconducting phase play a key role, an‎d hybrid superconductor-semiconductor structures are a suitable platform for transitioning to this superconducting phase. Investigations into the impact of magnetic impurities on topological phase transitions in two-ban‎d superconductors specify the conditions necessary for realizing Majorana zero modes. We demonstrate that, in contrast to the spin-singlet interban‎d pairing, topological phase transition in spin-singlet intraban‎d an‎d spin-triplet interban‎d pairings is accessible by tuning the intra- an‎d interban‎d magnetic scatterings, strength of Rashba spin-orbit coupling, chemical potential an‎d superconducting pairing.

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