چكيده لاتين
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is characterized by high blood sugar levels and impaired carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, and is associated with absolute or relative insulin deficiency. Increased blood glucose causes excessive production of free radicals, which bind to cell surface receptors and cause inflammation. Diabetes damages various organs, including the cardiovascular system, eyes, kidneys, and nervous system, and ultimately impairs their function. The World Health organization declared it a latent epidemic due to the increasing number of diabetes cases in the world.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a HIIT training session on the expression of smad4 and TGFB1 genes in the heart tissue of male diabetic Wistar rats.
Methodology: In this experimental study, type 1 diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in male Wistar rats. Animals were randomly divided into healthy control, diabetic control, HIIT training, and diabetes HIIT+ groups. The training protocol included treadmill running 5 days a week for 8 weeks with the principle of overload. At the end of the intervention, the expression of smad4 and TGFB1 genes in heart tissue was assessed using Real-time PCR. After descriptive statistical analyses using SPSS-22 software, the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and توكي post hoc test. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used for fasting blood glucose analysis. The significance level was p≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that HIIT training significantly reduced fasting blood glucose in diabetic rats. Also, the expression of smad4 and TGFB1 genes in the intervention groups was significantly reduced compared to the diabetic group. In addition, HIIT training had the most positive effect on the regulation of gene expression.
Conclusion: HIIT training can play an important role in preventing or reducing cardiac complications caused by type 1 diabetes by improving blood sugar control and regulating the expression of smad4 and TGFB1 genes in the heart. The findings of this study can pave the way for the design of novel non-pharmacological interventions in the management of cardiac complications caused by diabetes.
Keywords: Diabetic rats, high-intensity interval training, cardiac fibrosis, TGFB1
