چكيده لاتين
Effective and optimized therapeutic approaches are essential to accelerate the biological regeneration process and prevent chronic complications. Wound healing is a dynamic process involving various cell types, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages, and platelets, where any disruption in this system can lead to chronic wound formation. Tissue engineering science, based on three main components—scaffolds, cells, and bioactive molecules—aims to repair damaged and lost tissues and restore their function by utilizing the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of various cells, particularly stem cells, incorporated into diverse biocompatible scaffolds, alongside the application of bioactive molecules.
In this study, male Wistar rats were prepared and wounds were induced. The effects of acellular amniotic membrane, hydrogel, fibroblast cells, and conditioned medium on the wound healing process were evaluated. Various assessments were conducted, including measurement of wound contraction percentage, epidermal thickness, collagen deposition, and cellular proliferation activity. For this purpose, general hematoxylin-eosin staining, specific Massonʹs trichrome staining, and immunofluorescence methods utilizing the nuclear marker DAPI and antibodies against Ki-67 and Cy5.29 were employed.
The results demonstrated that the acellular amniotic membrane group alone had a limited and non-significant effect on wound healing due to the absence of viable cells and active biological factors. However, the combined application of the acellular membrane with hydrogel, hydrogel alone, fibroblasts, and conditioned medium significantly increased wound contraction percentage, epidermal thickness, collagen synthesis, and cellular proliferation activity.
The conditioned medium group exhibited the highest collagen accumulation and cellular proliferation activity, highlighting the critical role of growth factors and complex cellular interactions in tissue repair processes. The hydrogel also contributed to enhanced epidermal and extracellular matrix regeneration by providing a three-dimensional hydrated environment and optimal conditions for cell migration and differentiation.
Therefore, the findings of this study emphasize that utilizing a combination of supportive biomaterials and viable cells effectively accelerates molecular and cellular mechanisms of wound regeneration and may lead to the development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies for repairing damaged tissues.
