چكيده لاتين
The present study aimed to develop a benevolence training package for adolescent students in gifted schools and to examine its effectiveness on empathy, compassion, and desirable social behaviors. A mixed-method research design, including qualitative and quantitative phases, was employed. In the qualitative phase, the Morais thematic analysis method was used to design the package, which was then implemented in 10 sessions for gifted students. In the thematic analysis phase, the research environment encompassed all written sources in the field of benevolence up to 2024, and purposive sampling was employed. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included students attending gifted schools in Isfahan, and random sampling was conducted.
The research tools included the Child and Adolescent Empathy Questionnaire (EmQue-CA), developed by a group of psychologists and validated in Iran by Khosravi et al. (2020), with appropriate reliability and validity (Cronbach’s alpha above 0.7). Another tool was the SCS-Oxford Compassion for Others Questionnaire (Gu et al., 2020), standardized in Iran by Nikgoo et al. (2021), with a total scale Cronbach’s alpha of 0.90 and subscale alphas ranging from 0.71 to 0.86, indicating satisfactory internal consistency. Additionally, the study used the Revised Prosocial Tendencies Questionnaire by Carlo et al. (2003), standardized in Iran by Sajadian et al. (2019). Concurrent validity between the revised questionnaire and measures of global prosocial behaviors, empathic concerns, altruistic values, and social responsibility motivation was confirmed at a significant level (p < 0.0001).
The qualitative results revealed 23 themes for growth within the community circle, 14 themes for growth within the self-circle, and 25 themes for growth within the values and ethics circle. In the educational package design and validation phase, results indicated acceptable validity for the package. In the quantitative phase, data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS. The findings demonstrated that benevolence training significantly improved empathy, compassion, and desirable social behaviors, with a notable impact on the mentioned variables. It is recommended that benevolence training courses be held for gifted students.
