چكيده لاتين
Migration can be broadly divided into two categories: human migration and non-human migration, such as the movement of capital. Human migration is one of the most significant drivers of population change, capable of transforming a region through growth and its consequences (urban expansion, rising housing prices, inflation, etc.) or through decline and even depopulation, with its associated challenges (increased crime, reduced productivity, rising inequality, etc.). The role of human resources—particularly skilled and professional labor—is indispensable, as without them, sustainable economic, cultural, and social development cannot be achieved.
In light of the growing trend of skilled and professional workforce migration from Isfahan and the critical importance of this issue, the present study first identified general determinants of migration through a review of the literature and documentary analysis. A field survey was then conducted using a researcher-designed questionnaire, and the data were analyzed employing Spearman’s correlation coefficient and the econometric ordered Logit Model to assess the influence of these factors on the intention to migrate, both domestically and internationally, among skilled and professional workers in Isfahan.
The statistical population consisted of students enrolled in public universities of Isfahan (representing professional labor) and graduates of the Technical and Vocational Training organization (representing skilled labor) who had obtained a skill certificate in 2024. The total population amounted to 31,276 individuals (16,983 students and 14,293 graduates). Using Morgan’s sampling table, the required sample size was estimated at 759 respondents (384 students and 375 graduates), from whom the necessary data were collected.
In this study, the dependent variable was migration intention, categorized into three levels: (1) no intention to migrate, (2) indecision about migration, and (3) intention to migrate. The independent variables included job satisfaction, ease of entrepreneurship, cost of living, environmental factors, social interaction, social participation, social trust, and social cohesion.
The findings revealed that, among professional workers, higher job satisfaction, greater ease of entrepreneurship, higher costs of living, stronger social interaction, and higher social trust were associated with a reduced intention to migrate, whereas worsening environmental conditions increased it. Similarly, among skilled workers, higher job satisfaction, ease of entrepreneurship, stronger social interaction, and higher social trust decreased the intention to migrate, while environmental pollution heightened it.
