چكيده لاتين
Background: Whole Body Electrical Muscle Stimulation (WB-EMS ) exercises are a new, time-saving way to create changes in body composition and muscle strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of resistance training and whole body electrical muscle stimulation on expression of miR-4772 and miR-935 and some physiological indicators in men with overweight/ obesity.
Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-post test design. Forty-five overweight and obese men were randomly divided into three groups: WB-EMS (n=15; BMI=14.31(kg/m2), resistance training (n=15; BMI=29.4 (kg/m2), and control (n=15; BMI=30.95 (kg/m2). The interventions, consisting of 85 Hz stimulation for 6 seconds followed by 4 seconds of rest at an intensity of 45-60% of maximum effort for the WB-EMS group, and 85-75% of one-repetition maximum for the resistance group, were conducted over a period of eight weeks with three sessions per week, involving 2-3 sets and 6-8 repetitions.
Assessments of miR-4772 and miR-935 expression, body composition, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, muscle strength, and static balance were performed during both pre- and post-testing phases. The analysis of covariance statistic was employed to evaluate the research hypotheses, while the Shapiro-Wilk test was utilized to ascertain the normality of the data distribution. A significance threshold of p≤0.05 was established for hypothesis testing.
Results: There was no significant difference in miR-4772 and miR-935 gene expression between the study groups over eight weeks (p<0. 05). A significant differences in triglyceride, blood cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, insulin levels, peak muscle torque, and body fat was observed in the training groups compared to the control group (p<0. 05), but there was no difference between the training groups. Also, a significant improvement in low-density lipoprotein and static balance indices was observed only for the resistance training group compared to the control group (p<0.05), and no difference was observed between the WB-EMS group and the control group.
Conclusions: It was shown that after an eight-week training period, both WB-EMS and resistance training methods could positively affect lipid profiles, glucose levels, and insulin sensitivity, as well as body composition and muscle strength. However, improvements in muscle function and static balance were more pronounced in the resistance training group than in the other groups. As a result, the choice between these two training methods should be guided by individual preferences, physical capabilities, and specific health goals.