ارزيابي توزيع زيستي تزريق كوئرستين كونژوگه با نانوذرات سوپر پارامگنتيك اكسيد آهن در چشم موش صحرايي ديابتي شده

eva‎luation of the biodistribution of quercetin conjugated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles injected into the eyes of diabetic rats

زيست شناسي سلولي مولكولي و ميكروبيولوژي

Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic an‎d debilitating complication of diabetes, primarily driven by oxidative stress an‎d persistent inflammatory responses within the retinal tissue. Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid with well-documented antioxidant an‎d anti-inflammatory properties, holds significant therapeutic potential. However, its clinical application is limited due to poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, an‎d restricted penetration into the retina. To address these limitations, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been investigated as a drug delivery system to enhance the retinal delivery an‎d therapeutic efficacy of quercetin. This study aimed to eva‎luate the effectiveness of SPIONs as nanocarriers for improving quercetin penetration an‎d its therapeutic outcomes in an animal model of diabetic retinopathy. In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were ran‎domly assigned to four groups: diabetic control, quercetin-treated, SPION-treated, an‎d SPION-conjugated quercetin-treated. Diabetes was induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The treatment was administered over a period of 35 days. At the end of the treatment, retinal tissues were harvested for histopathological eva‎luation using H&E an‎d Prussian blue staining, an‎d quercetin concentration in the retina was quantified by HPLC. HPLC analysis revealed that the SPION-conjugated quercetin group exhibited the highest retinal quercetin accumulation (AUC = 267), which was 15.7 times greater than the diabetic control group an‎d 1.7 times higher than the free quercetin group. Histopathological assessments showed significant improvements in retinal architecture, reduced iron deposition, an‎d decreased inflammation in the treated groups, particularly in the SPION-conjugated quercetin group. The findings of this study suggest that SPIONs significantly enhance the penetration an‎d bioavailability of quercetin in the retina. SPIONs serve as an effective drug delivery platform to potentiate the therapeutic impact of natural compounds in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. This nanotechnology-based approach holds promise for advancing targeted therapies for diabetes-related ocular disorders.

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