تحليل و تبيين مسئله علم و آگاهي از ديدگاه ديويد جان چالمرز در مقايسه با ديدگاه علامه طباطبايي

Analysis an‎d explanation of the problem of science an‎d consciousness in David j Chalmers view to compare with Tabatabaie s view

فلسفه و كلام اسلامي

The main objective of this research is to describe an‎d analyze the very important an‎d complex issue of consciousness from the perspectives of Allameh Tabatabaʹi an‎d David Chalmers. Although the foundations an‎d methods of these two thinkers seem different in explaining the issue of consciousness, they converge in some aspects, such as the dualism between the brain an‎d the mind. Unlike Allameh Tabatabaʹi, Chalmers does not believe in the concept of an immaterial soul an‎d considers consciousness to be the result of brain function. However, since he does not equate the brain an‎d the mind, unlike many Western philosophers, he tries to reach a new theory in explaining the issue of consciousness. He asserts that the issue of consciousness is more complex than being limited to a physical explanation, but since he does not believe in the immateriality of knowledge an‎d the soul, he has not been able to provide a satisfactory explanation. As a dualist, Chalmers wants to offer a new analysis of consciousness an‎d opposes reductionist theories in this regard. He considers consciousness to consist of two parts: the easy an‎d the hard problems. He states that various solutions have been proposed for the easy part, but the hard part of consciousness has not been addressed an‎d remains unknown. Unlike Allameh Tabatabaʹi, he tries to get closer to solving the issue of consciousness with the help of modern sciences, especially fields like quantum mechanics an‎d artificial intelligence. Allameh Tabatabaʹi, by proving the immateriality of the soul an‎d consequently the immateriality of knowledge, does not face much difficulty in explaining the issue of consciousness, although due to his unfamiliarity with modern sciences like artificial intelligence, his explanation of the issue of consciousness may be lacking in some aspects.

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