طرح هاي پونزي در اقتصاد ايران: اكتشاف عوامل زمينه¬اي

Abstract: This research investigates the intricate structural linkages between Iranʹs economic transformations over the past two centuries an‎d the emergence of Ponzi schemes. Iranʹs economy has undergone fundamental shifts in property rights, production patterns, an‎d consumption models, with profound implications for its economic, social, an‎d political fabric. Within this evolutionary context, novel phenomena such as Ponzi schemes have surfaced. These schemes are significant not only due to their fraudulent nature but also their profound dependence on mass societal participation an‎d their substantial impact on economic stability. This study posits that the temporal correlation between the rise of Ponzi schemes an‎d the evolution of political an‎d social institutions, catalyzed by modernization currents an‎d pivotal historical events in contemporary Iran, is not coincidental. Instead, it suggests that this phenomenon is deeply rooted in more fundamental contextual factors. To unravel the origins of this issue, the research employs a grounded theory methodology. By juxtaposing the inherent requirements for the manifestation of a Ponzi scheme against the conditions an‎d opportunities that Iranʹs economy has presented over the last two centuries, this study identifies the facilitating contextual factors for this phenomenon. The findings reveal that elements such as financialization of the economy, the pervasive influence of neoliberal discourse, unregulated privatization, financial regulatory weaknesses, an‎d the dominance of peripheral capitalist models have collectively laid the groundwork for the proliferation of these schemes in Iran. Furthermore, drawing upon relevant theoretical frameworks, this study positions these schemes not merely as exceptional financial frauds but as structural outcomes of late-stage capitalism, particularly accelerated within the context of dependent economies. This research explicates the relationship between macroeconomic structures, historical transformations, an‎d the emergence of Ponzi schemes, employing grounded theory an‎d descriptive-analytical research methodologies. It offers a comprehensive perspective an‎d proposes strategies for the prevention an‎d mitigation of this phenomenon. Findings indicate that preventing the recurrence of such schemes necessitates fundamental reforms in the economic system, the revitalization of indigenous financial institutions, an‎d a reduction in dependency on neoliberal policies. Keywords: Ponzi schemes, Background factors, Techno-feudalism, Financialization, Neo-colonialism, Technofeudalism.

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