ساخت و اعتباريابي مقياس 5 ذهن گاردنر و مقايسه اين 5 ذهن در دانش¬آموزان عادي و تيزهوش

Construction an‎d Validation of Gardnerʹs 5 Minds Scale, an‎d Comparing the Scale Between Normal an‎d Gifted Students.

روان شناسي و آموزش افراد با نيازهاي خاص

The purpose of this study was to construct an‎d validate Gardnerʹs 5 minds scale an‎d compare these 5 minds in gifted an‎d normal students. Based on the purpose, it is placed in the category of developmental research, an‎d the method used was a survey. The statistical population in the present study included all the students of the first secondary school in Isfahan city, who were used for the construction an‎d validation of the scale, also for the comparison of Gardnerʹs 5 minds, the statistical population was all the gifted an‎d normal students of the first secondary school in Isfahan city. The sampling method was a multi-stage cluster. In the same way that at the beginning of the 15 districts of Isfahan city, according to the geographical location an‎d the crowdedness of the districts, the number of 5 districts was determined from the north, south, east, west an‎d the center of the city, then 2 first secondary schools were ran‎domly selec‎ted from each district (1 girlsʹ school an‎d 1 boyʹs school) were selec‎ted an‎d questionnaires were ran‎domly distributed among the students of the 7th, 8th an‎d 9th grades of these schools an‎d research data were collected. Also, in order to identify gifted an‎d normal students in order to compare Gardnerʹs 5 minds in these two groups, after creating an‎d validating the questionnaire, 4 schools were ran‎domly selec‎ted from the designated areas (2 girlsʹ schools an‎d 2 boysʹ schools) an‎d after referring at first, Ravenʹs IQ test was taken from a number of students (according to the school principals an‎d teachersʹ knowledge of the students). Finally, 50 students with normal intelligence an‎d 50 gifted students were identified. Exploratory factor analysis, first- an‎d second-order confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, composite reliability an‎d internal reliability were used to construct an‎d validate the questionnaire, an‎d independent t was used to compare five minds of gifted an‎d normal students. In order to identify an‎d categorize the 5 components of Gardnerʹs mind, 42 items were identified first by studying the literature, research an‎d related theoretical foundations an‎d conducting exploratory an‎d preliminary studies. Then, in the form an‎d content validity phase, 8 questions were removed an‎d the number of questions in the questionnaire was reduced to 34 questions. This number of indicators entered the stage of exploratory factor analysis. At this stage, 5 questions were removed due to the low factor load an‎d 29 questions were approved. Finally, according to the fit indices, 29 indices an‎d 5 dimensions were confirmed in the first an‎d second order confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the second part of the research, which compared these 5 minds in normal an‎d gifted students, showed that there is a significant difference between Gardnerʹs 5 minds, expert-oriented, synthesizing an‎d creative minds, between normal students an‎d gifted students. Also, comparing the averages of these two groups shows that these three minds are at a higher level in gifted students. But there is no significant difference between the two moral an‎d respectful minds in these two groups of students. Those in charge of education as well as researchers in this field can use the validated questionnaire an‎d the side results of this research in order to advance their educational an‎d research goals

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