بررسي تطبيقي رابطه عقل و دين، از منظر ملاصدرا و هگل

Comparative Study of the Relationship Between Reason an‎d Religion from the Perspective of Mulla Sadra an‎d Hegel

فلسفه

This article, as a master thesis, is a comparative study of the relationship between reason an‎d religion, from the point of view of the renowned an‎d famous German philosopher, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) an‎d a famous thinker an‎d scholar of Iranian-Islamic culture Ṣadr ad-Din Muḥammad Shirazi (ca. 1571–1636), more commonly known as Mullah Ṣadra. Mullah Sadra, as an outstan‎ding student of Mashaʹs philosophy an‎d the worthy heir of the wisdom of illumination an‎d as a complete mystic an‎d devotee that well-acquainted with the secrets of theoretical an‎d practical mysticism, an‎d as the establisher of the transcendent theosophy (hikmat motaaliyeh), to extirpate the alleged conflict an‎d repulsion between reason an‎d religion, has tried very much. For Mullah Sadra, as the founder an‎d originator of the originality of existence (esalt vojud), both of religion an‎d philosophy are two aspect of one fact, in such a way that the philosophy devoid of religion is confused an‎d palsied an‎d religion without reason an‎d wisdom is deaf an‎d blind, full of bigotry, filth an‎d dirty of cruelty an‎d shame. Nevertheless, accordance of reason an‎d religion, in the transcendent theosophy, ended to Enlightened intellect (al aql al munawar) Hegel, arising from the heart of the new philosophy an‎d as the heir of the Renaissance an‎d the age of Enlightenment, to explain the meaning of religion has made extensive efforts an‎d after several steps, he has reached his point of view in this position that religion, between art an‎d philosophy, is an essential moment in the life of the absolute soul an‎d its evolution, progress an‎d improvement. Nevertheless, Hegel blamed an‎d criticized the figurative an‎d metaphorical language of religion an‎d considered it unable an‎d incapable to express the truth. In the final view of Hegel’s philosophy, the original an‎d clear manifestation of the absolute spirit an‎d indisputable knowledge, coming only through the way of the philosophy an‎d no more.

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