چكيده لاتين
Given the spread of addictability in all societies, especially among adolescents, including Afghan adolescents living in Iran, it is important to pay attention to addictability and the harm caused by it. Therefore, the purpose of this study, in the first stage, to investigate the fitting of the proposed model in the Addictability of Afghan adolescents was living in Iran, until based on those factors that rule of a fundamental role in their addictability and to develop an intervention package based on that to reduce their addictability. In the second stage, the goal was to develop and validate an intervention package based on model outputs, and in the third stage, the effectiveness and comparison of the model-based treatment package with mindfulness-based intervention were addressed. The research design in the first stage was descriptive and correlational. In this stage, 312 Afghan adolescent boys living in Isfahan were selected through convenience sampling and assessed using the Wade et al Addictability Potential Scale (APS), Moreland and Schaubel’s parent- Child relationship scale (PCRS), Tangney’s Self-Control Scale (TSCS), Matson’s Social skills questionnaire (SSQ), Zuckerman’s Emotion-seeking Scale (ZESS), Bart’s impulsivity scale (BIS), and Endler and Parker’s Coping Styles Scale (APCSS). In the second stage, the research design was qualitative. In this stage, first, based on the model outputs, the factors affecting the addictability of Afghan adolescents were identified, and then, using content analysis, a treatment package based on the model outputs was developed and provided to 10 psychology experts for evaluation. In the third stage, the research design was semi-experimental with two experimental groups and a control group, and evaluation was carried out in the form of a pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up. In this stage, the sampling was purposeful, and then 42 subjects were randomly assigned to the research groups (n1=n2=n3=14).The instruments used in the third phase of the study were the Addictability Readiness Questionnaire by Wade et al., the Barrett Impulsivity Scale, and the Simmons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (DTS). After administering the questionnaires, the research hypotheses were tested using the repeated measures analysis of variance method. Based on the findings of the first stage, the variables of impulsivity, Emotion seeking, social skills, parent-child Interaction, self-control, and coping styles had a significant role in the addiction of Afghan adolescents (P<0.05). In the second stage, based on the factors extracted from the model, a treatment package was developed and then provided to 10 psychological experts to examine its reliability, which was approved after evaluating the packageʹs reliability.In the third stage, the results of repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that both intervention packages were significantly effective in reducing addictability, impulsivity, and increasing distress tolerance in Afghan adolescents, and on the other hand, both intervention packages had a more or less lasting effect on reducing addictability, impulsivity, and increasing distress tolerance. Of course, for all three research variables, the model-based intervention package was more effective than mindfulness training (P<0.05). Overall, the results of this study show that the model-based intervention package is effective in reducing addictability and, consequently, in reducing impulsivity and increasing distress tolerance among Afghan adolescents, and it can be used as an effective intervention package in reducing their addictability.
