معناي زندگي از ديدگاه ملاصدرا و آلفرد آدلر

A Comparativ Study on the Question of causality from view Point of Ghazali an‎d Leibniz

فلسفه و كلام اسلامي

Currently, one of the philosophical questions an‎d dilemmas is the meaning of "life". The issue of the meaning of life is a contemporary issue an‎d was not discussed in the past. We try to extract this issue from the works of people like Mulla Sadra. The present study, by examining the wide dimensions of the issue of the meaning of life based on the views of Mulla Sadra an‎d Alfred Adler, tries to answer the question, what is the meaning of life from the point of view of these two philosophers? The most basic achievements of this article are as follows: In Mulla Sadraʹs intellectual system, with two philosophical an‎d mystical approaches, according to the opinions of this thinker in different areas, a comprehensive an‎d accurate answer to the problem of meaning can be achieved. With an idealistic an‎d divine view, relying on the foundations of ontology, by proving God as the origin of the beginning an‎d the purposeful end of the end, Mulla Sarda ensured human life an‎d removed identity lessness an‎d isolation from man. In his view, human identity is a relational an‎d dependent identity that finds authenticity in connection with God. By relying on the foundations of anthropology an‎d by drawing the evolutionary course of man, he provides a single instruction an‎d a solid stan‎dard to reach this goal. This path is drawn through the stages of theoretical an‎d practical reason an‎d unio‎n with active reason an‎d achieving divine proximity. Muslim philosophers give meaning to life with an existential view of death an‎d a supernaturalistic interpretation of it, as a factor of continuity of life an‎d evolution an‎d immortality. In their opinion, love creates meaning in connection with the source, an‎d happiness at the highest level is rational happiness an‎d closeness an‎d connection with God, which is accompanied by the highest level of pleasure, pleasure an‎d meaning. From the perspective of Alfred Adlerʹs psychology, the meaning of life as the knowledge of life an‎d its goals has been one of the main concerns of mankind throughout history. From the findings of this research, we can mention the concept of "meaning of life" in Adlerian thought. In this essay, an attempt has been made to examine their views on components such as human life an‎d the types of communication in the universe, ethics, an‎d love in giving meaning to life. In the end, it became clear that the meaning of life an‎d the ultimate goal that Islam has depicted for a person to live in this world is the free return to his original self, an‎d the life of this world is a passage of movement an‎d ascent an‎d return to God alone. Becoming a god an‎d attaining the manifestation of divine names an‎d attributes that provide the closeness of man to God is all that constitutes the meaning of a humanʹs life from the point of view of these scholars an‎d in a better word from the point of view of Islam.

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