چكيده لاتين
Nowadays, the use of indigenous and sustainable materials such as superadobe, as a novel approach in construction, has gained attention due to its environmental and economic advantages. Superadobe structures, as a composite construction method using soil, bags, and barbed wire, can provide a suitable solution for reducing costs and building durable structures. However, the mechanical behaviour of these structures under various conditions, including static and dynamic loads, requires comprehensive study and analysis.
The main issue of this research is to identify the effect of soil type, bag type and thickness on the performance of mechanical properties of superadobe materials and to investigate the effect of arch dimensions and geometry, the role of the wall and the dimensions and geometry of the opening on the performance of the structure under the effect of support settlement and earthquake. This research includes experimental tests and numerical analyses. In the experimental section, the effect of soil type and bag on the mechanical behavior of superadobes was investigated. The results showed that clayey gravel soil creates significantly more flexural and compressive strength than poorly graded sand; so that the average flexural bearing capacity and compressive strength of samples made with clayey gravel soil increased by up to 347% and 9.11% respectively compared to samples made with poorly graded sand soil. Also, the use of a bag with a greater thickness created a significant improvement in flexural and compressive strength, but the results showed that the effect of soil type on the overall strength of the superadobe is greater than the type and number of bag layers.
In numerical analyses, the behaviour of superadobe arches made with the cross-section of drop, ordinary and raised pointed arches was investigated under support settlement and earthquake conditions. In different arches, the effect of the absence of a wall, the presence of a wall on one side of the arch, and the presence of a wall on both sides of the arch on the performance of the structure during settlement was investigated. Arches without walls and arches that have walls on both sides showed better performance under the effect of support settlement than arches that had walls only on one side. Arches without walls showed at least 50% and arches that have walls on both sides, at least 4.7% better performance compared to arches that have only one wall. Raised arches showed better performance against settlement, but were more vulnerable in seismic conditions. In contrast, drop arches, due to the more uniform distribution of stress and reduction of force concentration, had better seismic performance. Increasing the span and the length-to-span ratio led to an increase in stress concentration and the spread of permanent deformations. This study investigated the influence of opening geometry and dimensions on arch structural behaviour during support settlement and seismic activity. Seismic analyses indicated that increasing opening height and width increases structural damage. However, results showed a negligible effect of changing opening dimensions on structural behavior during support settlement.
