مقايسه تاثير تمرينات ثبات مركزي سنتي و ثبات مركزي تنفسي بر خستگي، دامنه حركتي، و عملكرد شنا در شناگران نخبه جوان پسر

هدف: تمرينات ثبات مركزي، از طريق پيشگيري از آسيب، باعث ايمني، بازدهي، اثر بخشي عملكرد حركتي بدن مي شود. هدف از انجام اين پژوهش مقايسه اثر دو نوع تمرين ثبات مركزي (سنتي و تنفسي) بر دامنه حركتي شانه، خستگي، درد، و عملكرد شنا در شناگران نخبه جوان پسر مبتلا به درد شانه بود. روش تحقيق: مطالعه ي حاضر يك تحقيق تجربي حقيقي (داراي نمونه گيري هدفمند و گروه بندي تصادفي جفت شده) بود. تعداد 24 شناگر نخبه جوان پسر بر اساس شرايط ورود (حضور در ليگ كشور، سن 18 تا 22 سال، و داراي درد شانه) انتخاب و براساس معيار ركورد شناي 50 متر آزاد در دو گروه شاهد (تمرين سنتي) و تجربي (تمرين تنفسي) قرار گرفتند. مدت مطالعه 4 هفته بود. در مدت مطالعه، مشاركت جويان علاوه بر تمرينات تخصصي (6 جلسه در هفته)، 3 جلسه در هفته نيز به مدت 30 دقيقه تمرينات ثبات مركزي را انجام دادند. پروتكل تمريني ثبات مركزي تنفسي بر اساس مدل DNS طراحي شد. اثر بخشي تمرينات توسط 4 متغيير درد شانه (مقياس VAS 10 ارزشي)، دامنه حركتي شانه (شيب سنج الكترونيكي با دقت 1 درجه)، خستگي )مقياس بورگ 20 ارزشي)، و عملكرد شنا (كورنومتر با دقت 01/0 ثانيه) به صورت پيش و پس آزمون اندازه گيري شدند. داده ها توسط آنوا براي اندازه گيري مكرر تحليل شدند. نتايج: در فلكشن شانه، چرخش داخلي شانه، و هوريزنتال‌ هايپر ابداكشن شانه هر دو گروه پيشرفت معنادار داشتند (001/0‎>P)، اما پيشرفت گروه تجربي بطور معناداري بيش از گروه سنتي بوده است (001/0‎>P). ركورد 50 متر آزاد، درد، و خستگي نيز در هر دو گروه پيشرفت معنادار داشت (001/0‎>P)، ولي تفاوت ميزان پيشرفت در دو گروه معنادار نبود (05/0<‎P). بحث و نتيجه گيري: نتايج اين پژوهش نشان داد كه هر دو نوع تمرين ثبات مركزي سنتي و تنفسي بر دامنه حركتي، درد، خستگي و ركورد شنا تاثير مثبت دارند. در نتيجه، مي توان از هر دو نوع تمرين براي شناگران استفاده كرد. پيشرفت بهتر دامنه حركتي در گروه تنفسي پيشنهاد مي دهد كه ممكن است تمرينات تنفسي كمي بهتر از تمرينات سنتي باشند. بررسي اين پيشنهاد نياز به تحقيقات بيشتر دارد.

shoulder range of motion , shoulder pain , swimming performance , exhaustion , core stability exercises

Effects of traditional an‎d respiratory core stability training on shoulder exhaustion, range of motion, an‎d swimming function in young male elite swimmers

آسيب شناسي و حركات اصلاحي

Core stability exercises target on core muscles an‎d they have three functional roles including: 1- contributing to breathing by appropriately regulating internal pressures in the abdominal cavity, 2- collaborating in the regulation of body posture through striking a balance between their flexors an‎d extensors an‎d creating appropriate pressure within the abdominal cavity, 3-Controling the postural-movement dynamics of limbs. In addition, because of the injury prevention an‎d the improvement of swimmers’ performance, core stability trainings lead to enhance the safety, efficiency an‎d effectiveness of bodily movement. This research aims to compare the effects of traditional core stability training an‎d respiratory training on shoulder range of motion, exhaustion, shoulder pain, an‎d swimming performance in elite young male swimmers. This study analyzes the effects of four-weeks of common traditional core stability training on lan‎d an‎d respiratory-based core stability training on two groups of elite swimmers suffered from shoulder pain an‎d the limited shoulder mobility. Given the nature of the subject an‎d the objectives pursued in this research, the present study is a true experimental design of the classical type, as it involves two experimental groups (two different interventions) an‎d paired ran‎dom grouping. Additionally, this research is practical, based on the use of the obtained results, an‎d the data collection is conducted in the field rather than in a laboratory setting. this study includes a pre-test an‎d post-test. The independent variable consists of two types of core stability training protocols: traditional core stability training an‎d DNS-based core stability training tailored for swimmers. The dependent variables include shoulder pain, range of motion in the shoulder, an‎d performance of elite young male swimmers. To examine the research hypotheses, repeated measures ANOVA was used. It should be noted that after final data refinement, the research participants included 24 individuals (12 in the core stability training group an‎d 12 in the core stability training group with diaphragmatic breathing). The results showed that four weeks of core stability training had a significant effect on shoulder flexion score (F=20.90 an‎d P<‎0.001), internal shoulder rotation (F=60.86 an‎d P<‎0.001), an‎d horizontal hyper abduction of the shoulder (F=58.46 an‎d P<‎0.001), indicating a significant difference between the progress of the respiratory core stability group an‎d the traditional group. In the cases of 50 meters freestyle (F=0.68 an‎d P=0.418), swimmersʹ pain (F=0.87 an‎d P=0.503), an‎d exhaustion (F=3.36 an‎d P=0.081), there was a significant temporal effect, but no significant difference was found between the progress of the respiratory an‎d traditional groups. The results of this study indicate that core stability exercises performed on swimmers have an impact on shoulder range of motion, pain, exhaustion, an‎d swimming performance. Therefore, these exercises can be utilized for swimmers. Increased range of motion is likely to enhance swimmersʹ performance an‎d enable them to train with greater quality an‎d focus. Given that these exercises have no negative effects an‎d are easy to perform, they are recommended to swimming coaches as a complement to training.

5

121986