ارزيابي سهم انرژي هاي تجديد پذير و تجديد ناپذير در توليد صنعت فولاد در كشورهاي گروه هفت و ايران

Assessment of Both Renewable an‎d Non-Renewable Energies in Steel Industry Production in Group of Seven / G-7 Countries an‎d Iran

اقتصاد

Today, the steel industry holds significant importance in both developed an‎d developing countries, as it is considered a foundational industry an‎d a robust infrastructure for other sectors. The products derived from this industry are regarded as essential goods for industrialization an‎d the advancement of developing an‎d developed nations. One critical aspect of this industry is energy consumption, which is a fundamental input for steel production an‎d has garnered special attention from experts an‎d professionals in energy economics an‎d energy engineering. Energy consumption in the steel industry an‎d the utilization of diverse energy resources play a pivotal role in enhancing production efficiency, diversifying steel products, an‎d reducing production costs. Precise eva‎luation of the share of various energy types, particularly renewable energy, an‎d its development can increase the profitability of steel manufacturing enterprises, boost industrial production, an‎d ultimately contribute to the growth of GDP. Moreover, the use of renewable energy significantly aids in reducing environmental pollution an‎d its associated costs. This thesis aims to analyze an‎d examine the changes in steel industry production an‎d CO2 emissions in G7 countries an‎d Iran during the period from 2011 to 2022. For this purpose, steel production in these countries is compared based on the utilization of renewable an‎d non-renewable energy resources, along with the environmental effects of energy consumption. The main objective of this study is to eva‎luate the impact of renewable energy consumption on steel industry production an‎d CO2 emissions in these countries. To achieve this goal, the Panel ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag in Panel Data) econometric method was employed, an‎d the data were analyzed using STATA software version 17. The results of this research indicate that renewable an‎d non-renewable energy consumption have varying effects on steel production an‎d CO2 emissions in the G7 countries an‎d Iran. In the first model, it was shown that renewable energy consumption has a positive but insignificant effect on steel production in the short term, whereas, in the long term, with a coefficient of 0.085, it becomes a significant an‎d positive factor, highlighting its gradual role in enhancing sustainable production. On the other han‎d, non-renewable energy consumption demonstrated a strong an‎d significant impact on steel production in both time horizons, reflecting the structural reliance of this industry on fossil fuels. In the second model, renewable energy consumption in the short term, with a coefficient of 0.116, had a positive an‎d significant effect on CO2 emissions. However, in the long term, this effect decreased to a coefficient of 0.098, indicating the inadequacy of current infrastructure an‎d the need for improved clean technologies. Non-renewable energy consumption, with a coefficient of 0.87 in the short term an‎d 0.886 in the long term, was identified as the primary driver of increased CO2 emissions.

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