چكيده لاتين
In different historical periods, the issue of land ownership and land ownership has been of great importance as one of the important issues among the ruling class, and it was considered one of the factors influencing economic, social and political changes. The ruling class consolidated its power by dominating the land and using its revenues, including collecting heavy taxes from those who worked on the land. The main focus of this research is on the Qajar period, which is considered to be the beginning of a new era in Iranian history. In fact, granting privileges to foreigners and Iranians is one of the economic characteristics of the period of Nasser al-Din Shah. After failing to grant privileges to foreigners and blocking the ways to earn income for his treasury, he started selling the netherlands to the privileged and aristocratic classes of society. Perhaps, according to the Shahʹs assertions, the purpose of granting the netherlands was to improve the agricultural situation and the countryʹs progress; but local stakeholders in the Iranian economy caused the conditions to turn out in their favor. Isfahan, the capital of the Safavids, was a rich source of land for agricultural reforms, and its income played a significant role in the civil system of Isfahan. For this reason, these lands provided a huge income for the government, the civil administrators, and the buyers, which led to long-standing conflicts between civil and local officials over the transfer of lands, resulting in a chaotic ownership structure in Isfahan.
The main finding in this research is the study of the status of the Khalis in the city of Isfahan and the positive and negative results of the sale of these lands during the Nasser period and thereafter until the end of the Qajar period, based on historical sources and documents. It shows what the reasons were for the sale and transfer of Khalis lands, which in fact were the developments in the global economy and the needs of the Shah and the government for cash, the role of commercialization of agriculture in the sale of these properties, or the inefficiency of Khalis lands, each of which was effective in the final decision of the Qajar government in the sale of these properties. In any case, the policy of selling these properties was a decision that was implemented and a large part of the Khalis lands were sold. Accordingly, documents, along with library sources, are considered our main sources in studying the subject in question; and the method used in this research is the historical method with an emphasis on archival and library sources.
