چكيده لاتين
Poly(acrylic acid co acrylamide co maleic acid) (p(AA co AM co MA)) superabsorbent polymer was synthesized from acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), and maleic acid (MA) via free radical copolymerization. Results showed the presence of maleic acid in structure of superabsorbent has the key and superior role in creating a smart superabsorbent. The structure, morphology, and strength of the superabsorbent were characterized using FT IR, TGA, SEM, and rheology analysis. The effect of different factors was investigated to determine the ability of water absorbency of the superabsorbent. According to optimized conditions, the water absorbency capacity of the superabsorbent in distilled water (DW) was 1348 g/g and in a solution containing 1.0 wt.% NaCl (SCS) was 106 g/g. The water retention ability of the superabsorbent was also investigated. The kinetic swelling of superabsorbent was identified by Fickian diffusion and Schott’s pseudo second order model. Furthermore, the reusability of superabsorbent was studied in distilled water and saline solution. The ability of superabsorbent was investigated in simulated urea and glucose solutions, and very good results were obtained. The response ability of the superabsorbent was confirmed by swelling and shrinking behavior against changes of temperature, pH, and ionic strength.
Subsequently, research focused on the synthesis of biodegradable superabsorbents based on cellulose polysaccharides containing amide groups. Acrylamide has high hydrophilic properties due to the presence of hydrophilic amide functional groups and is frequently used in the synthesis of superabsorbents. However, the toxic and carcinogenic properties of acrylamide have caused environmental concerns. The main goal of this paper is the synthesis of superabsorbent from biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic cellulose polymer containing amide groups instead of harmful acrylamide monomers with high water absorption. The prepared supple superabsorbent of amide-2,4 modified cellulose-g-poly acrylic acid (Am-2,4 modified cellulose-g-poly (AA)) was used to manage water consumption in the agricultural sector and to make clay suitable for planting by facilitating root penetration and rooting of wheat plants in this soil. In order to investigate the efficiency of the superabsorbent in agriculture, its water retention at different temperatures, pH, soil textures (sandy loam (SL), sandy clay loam (SCL), clay loam (CL), and loam (L)), and the water retention of the superabsorbent in the soil at 2 cycles were studied. Also, the study includes the optimization of the parameters affecting the water absorption capacity of the superabsorbent, which leads to the absorption of 1253.20 ± 49.67 g/g in distilled water and 86.88 ± 13.36 g/g in 1.0 wt.% NaCl solution under optimal conditions.
