چكيده لاتين
The extensive Islamic conquests during the era of the Rightly Guided and Sufyani Caliphs led to the fall of the Sassanid Empire and the beginning of extensive military, political, social, and cultural exchanges between Iranian elites and Arab nobles. In this in-depth study, the author, for his own reasons and motivations, has made a major exploration into the heart of the history of Islam and Iran. With a precise and meticulous look, he seeks to discover the unexplained and unexplained interactions between the Rashidun and Sufyani caliphs with Iranian elites and elders. This research, relying on primary and relevant library sources, has descriptively and analytically studied the interactions between Iranian elites and Islamic caliphs from the years (11 to 64 AH) from the perspective of development studies. Abu Bakr, in the face of the widespread crisis of apostasy after the death of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), used Iranian elites such as Salem, the master of Abu Hudhayfah, and Firuz, who were specialized in the military field, to suppress the people of the order who claimed prophethood. The second caliph, taking advantage of the capabilities of Iranian elites such as Salman al-Farsi and Hormuzan, did not neglect to consult with them in the administration of government affairs, seeking their opinions and implementing them. Uthman did not have extensive and extensive interactions with his masters, and his caliphate began with abdication of
the Iranian murderer of Hormuzan. The quality of Imam Aliʹs (a.s.) relations with the Iranian elites was based on the element of justice. Giving gifts to the Imam during ancient Iranian festivals symbolized their attachment and devotion to the Imam. By forcing the Mawli to give gifts, Muawiyah was taking an authoritarian step towards personal exploitation of financial resources. The power-hungry, racial discrimination, and repressive policies of Muawiyah and Yazid against the Mawli led to an. escalation of tensions and a worsening of relations between them
