چكيده لاتين
One type of Persian poetry is the description of buildings and structures. Building poetry has many examples in the thousand-year history of Persian poetry, and since researchers have not yet analyzed, examined, and expressed its characteristics as an independent literary genre, it is not well-known. Describing buildings and structures provided poets with an opportunity to not only record and perpetuate the name and image of the building in their poems but also to praise the praised one or the builder of the building and to demonstrate their power and skill in poetry. In the present study, to show the evolution and characteristics of this literary genre in a relatively complete manner, the entire range of Persian poetry has been considered, because limiting the research into literary genres to a specific period will not lead to an accurate and complete understanding of that literary genre/genres. Therefore, the poems of the building have been extracted from the pages of more than three hundred Persian texts, such as poetsʹ divans, history books, and memoirs, and have been criticized and analyzed chronologically from ancient to modern. The results of this research, which covers all periods of Persian poetry, show that most of the poems on construction were written during the Safavid and Qajar periods, in the form of odes, Ghat’e, and Masnavi and were composed to panegyric, describe, and to record the history of the building. Among the poets who have written poems on this subject, Abdi Beyg Shirazi in the Safavid era and Fath Ali Khan Saba in the Qajar era are two prominent and pioneering poets. In this essay, in addition to explaining the artistic and literary characteristics of architectural poetry, including poetic purposes, theme, structure, format, and rhetorical aspects, which leads to a precise and comprehensive identification of this literary genre, the relationship of these poems with authentic Iranian architecture is also discussed, which can be helpful in architectural research. In addition to these cases, many cultural indicators of Iranians such as beliefs and attitudes, customs, and folk beliefs can be obtained from the text of these poems.
