چكيده لاتين
Undoubtedly, the social issues of each era are reflected in the literary works of that period. This reflection may take place consciously or unconsciously according to the desire of the creator of the work, but in any case, the emergence of issues such as political tendencies, religious ideas, customs and popular beliefs of a society in its literature is a matter of course. Because every artist, even if she is isolated and far from her time, never lacks social life, and her thoughts, which are the source of creation of a literary work, are not formed in a vacuum. For this reason, many questions that arise in the scope of literary research are actually social questions. Therefore, by pondering the sociological aspects of literary works, we can reach a better understanding of these works. The Indian subcontinent has long been a land of immigrants. Among the various tribes and nations that have been in contact with this country, the history of cultural and social ties between Iran and the subcontinent has very deep historical roots. One of the important factors of this connection is the Persian language. The migration of Persian speakers to the Indian subcontinent is one of the main reasons for the spread of the Persian language in this land. In addition, the kings of this country supported the Persian language a lot and invited Persian-speaking poets and writers to their courts. The poems of the Persian poets of the Indian subcontinent are one of the literary reserves of the Persian language, which is noteworthy from a sociological point of view, because the cultural mixing of Iran and the Indian subcontinent has given a special effect to the sociological aspects of the literary works created in this land.
The current research is a descriptive-critical analysis based on common sociological theories that tries to analyze and investigate how social issues are reflected in ten romantic masnavis written from the 8th to the 12th century in the Indian subcontinent.
Issues such as the relationship between the dominant religious and political systems and discourses of the time of the creation of works, the appearance of institutions and social classes, the position of women in society, the sufferings of the time, the customs and rituals of the society, and the degree of adaptation of the stories to the collective consciousness of the time and Social realities are examined in these masnavis.
These masnavis are: Dolrani and Khizr Khan (Dehlavi, 8 AH), Mehrumah (Jamali Dehlavi, 10 AH), Nel Wadman (Faizi Dekani, 11 AH), Suz and Gadaz (Noui Khobushani, 11 AH) ), Asmatnameh (Hamid Kalanuri, 11 AH), Khamush Khatun (Raadi, 11 AH), Nirang Eshgh (Ghunimat Konjahi, 11 AH), the story of Padmavat (Abdul Shakur Bazmi, 11 AH), the story of Ramayan (Malam Masih Pani Patti, 11 AH), the lover of Fars or Bahr Wasal (Khataya Shushtri, 12 AH). By examining these ten narrative systems, we find out that social and historical contexts are reflected in the basic elements of the content and structure of these ten systems. Although the poets in these works have sometimes reflected on historical events, in most cases, social issues such as cultural mixing, political stances, customs and attitudes towards women are hidden in the narrative, lyrical and rhetorical aspects of these works.
