عملكردي كردن سطح نانوذرات مغناطيسي بر پايه هورمون گنادوتروپين كوريونيك انساني جهت آماده‌سازي پلتفرم بهينه شده كيت تشخيصي الكترو‌كمي‌لومينسانس

Since hormone concentrations in the blood are typically low, measuring them requires a sensitive sensor. A key factor in raising the sensorʹs sensitivity is preparing a kit that uses magnetic nanoparticles, which can gather analytes when a magnetic field is applied. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and other hormone assays allow for the early diagnosis of illnesses and monitoring of health after medical and therapeutic interventions. In this study a luminescence kit was designed to detect human chorionic gonadotropin using immuno-magnetic nanoparticles, which was then assessed by an electrochemiluminescence device. The kit includes magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and enzymatic tags which can generate luminescent light. The characteristics of the nanoparticles and surface modifications were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Modified MNPs were functionalized with Alpha antibodies. The Bradford assay confirmed that 99.7% of the antibodies were covalently attached to the nanoparticles. The bioactivity of functionalized nanoparticles with antibodies was eva‎luated using a Dot-blot test. Finally, the effectiveness of a kit in hCG detection was measured using electrochemiluminescence. The sandwich complex consisted of two components: MNPs functionalized with Alpha antibodies and Beta antibodies labeled with HRP enzyme. The kitʹs efficiency was eva‎luated using blood samples that contained the hormone and hCG antigen at different concentrations. Image processing software was utilized to measure the luminescence intensity generated by each sample. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between light intensity and antigen concentration. The detection limit and sensitivity of the prepared kit were assessed at approximately 0.63 mIU/mL and 0.189 mIU/mL. Based on a confusion matrix method, the accuracy and precision of this approach were calculated to be 100% and 92.8%, respectively.

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