چكيده لاتين
Increasing the toughness of polypropylene by mixing it with a type of rubber has been considered as an idea by the researchers of this science. Now, due to the loss of mechanical properties by adding rubber, adding a hard third component seems necessary in order not to lose mechanical properties. Therefore, according to the issues raised in this project, the factors affecting the microstructure of the ternary system of polypropylene, polycarbonate and three types of thermoplastic rubber and its relationship with mechanical properties. In this research, the effect of composition percentage of alloy components on mechanical properties, fracture strength and microstructure, as well as the effect of type and percentage composition of components on microstructure and mechanical properties of ternary system based on PP/PC/TPE has been investigated. In this regard, two factors, the effect of polycarbonate percentage composition and the percentage composition of different types of TPEs such as POE, APAO and EVA were investigated as effective factors on the formation and control of microstructure. By changing the percentage of polypropylene and polycarbonate from 100 to zero, 90 to 10, 80 to 20, and 70 to 30 respectively, the mechanical and impact properties of the production samples were evaluated. The notched impact strength of pure polypropylene used in this research was 4.9 kJ/m2, and by adding polycarbonate with the base notched impact strength of 81.9 kJ/m2, we tried to strengthen its impact strength with the mentioned ratios. we left It was found that the impact strength never increased with the addition of polycarbonate, and in the composition with a percentage higher than 10% of polycarbonate, the impact strength of the resulting composition reached even lower than the strength of pure polypropylene.
In the following, we have investigated the effect of adding a rubber component to polypropylene, which is a combination of 5, 10 and 15% of TPE, the results obtained from the mechanical properties and impact tests have been analyzed with the images obtained from the electron microscope test. Due to its higher compatibility with the field, POE has been able to achieve the best spreading rate and the lowest particle coagulation rate, so that the size of the particles of the dispersed phase containing POE is on average 1.20 micrometers, which is one of the main reasons for improving the properties of this compound compared to Compounds contain APAO and EVA. From the results obtained in the above cases, it was determined that the best amount of polycarbonate is somewhere between 10 and 20%, and by putting together the results of the two-component compounds containing TPE, the best properties obtained in the compounds containing 15% of the curing component were obtained.
Then, by substituting 15% of the desired TPEs and using 15% of polycarbonate, we have reached the composition of 70-15-15 alloy components, which is the optimal percentage composition of its triple alloy. The principle of compatibility and creating a strong interface in the DSC test was also investigated and it was found that the sample containing POE, which has the best results in the physical and mechanical test, has the lowest melting temperature, the lowest enthalpy, and the lowest percentage of crystallinity among the other two rubber components has dedicated itself.
In the continuation and end of this research, to investigate the effect of the mixing order and in the optimum percentage composition of 70-15-15, the results showed that when the desired composition is the result of several polar and non-polar components, it is better to first make an alloy of the combination of two components. Should be prepared close to each other (in terms of structure and indices of solubility, polarity, etc.) and the more incompatible component should be added to the above composition in the next step.
