چكيده لاتين
One of the important issues that Muslim and Christian leaders and thinkers have addressed is the issue of suffering and hardship in human life. Hardships refer to the set of pressures, difficulties, hardships, calamities, sufferings, and hardships that a person faces throughout her life. Some of the difficulties include: Hunger, fear, loss of property, death of relatives and loved ones. Examining hardships in human life has various dimensions, including: Examples of hardships, benefits of hardships, and philosophy of hardships. One of these dimensions is the way one faces difficulties and the approach one should take towards them. The purpose of this thesis is to compare the way of facing difficulties in Nahj al-Balagha and the epistles of Paul. This research was conducted with a comparative approach and descriptive-analytical method using library resources.
According to research, in terms of examples of suffering and hardship, the similarities between Nahj al-Balagha and Paulʹs epistles include: Disease, hunger, obedience to God, enemies, war, Satan, death, torment in the hereafter, and divine wrath. The rule of the oppressors is mentioned in Nahj al-Balagha but not in Paulʹs letters. The body, sorrow, fear, anxiety, and hardship in the path of spreading religion were mentioned in Paulʹs epistles, but they are not mentioned in Nahj al-Balagha. On the subject of the cause of suffering and hardship, the similarities between Nahj al-Balagha and Paulʹs epistles include: Illicit love and love of wealth, punishment for sins, obedience to the lowly and disobedience to spiritual leaders, hellfire, lack of piety, sin, and turning away from God. The cases of worldliness, abandonment of jihad, hypocritical actions, envy, trust in the world, and self-will are mentioned in Nahj al-Balagha, which were not mentioned in Paulʹs epistles and the cases of some humans, original sin, the cause of Jesusʹ hardship and suffering, and the Jewish covenant are cases that were stated in Paulʹs epistles and were not in Nahj al-Balagha. Also, in terms of how to deal with suffering and hardship, the similarities between Nahj al-Balagha and Paulʹs epistles include: Remembering God and seeking His help, believing in and acting on religious teachings, not sinning and not following Satan and serving God, learning lessons, remembering death and preparing for it, believing in the fact that hardships are tests and the benefits of hardships, abandoning moral vices and cultivating moral virtues, and the transitory nature of hardships. The topic of help from the Quran is mentioned in Nahj al-Balagha, which was not mentioned in Paulʹs epistles, and the topic of help from spiritual leaders was mentioned in Paulʹs epistles, but was not in Nahj al-Balagha.
