چكيده لاتين
Iranians have played an important political, social, cultural and economic role in Najaf al-Ashraf since its formation. The Iranian rulers who ruled Iraq and the city of Najaf al-Ashraf during this period were the state of Al- Būya, the Seljuks, the Ilkhanate and the Jalayirid Sultanate. The Al-Būya government played a prominent role in the development of Najaf al-Ashraf among the Iranian governments and made significant contributions to the holy shrines of Al-Atabat Al-Aliyat, especially Najaf al-Ashraf. The rulers of Al- Būya made several pilgrimages to Najaf al-Ashraf. These trips contributed to the social and economic growth of Najaf. Construction activities in the Alavi shrine (A.S) in Najaf al-Ashraf expanded during four periods of the Alavids of Tabaristan, Al- Būya, the Seljuks and Jalayirid Sultanate. From this period, many Iranians migrated to Najaf al-Ashraf and acquired many administrative, cultural and industrial jobs. One of the results of the Iranian governmentʹs rule over Iraq, especially during the Al- Būya era, was the influence of the Iranian class in Atabat, especially Al- Būya, and their use in administrative and military institutions.From the cultural point of view, the development of Najaf Ashraf scientific school in the 5th to 8th A.H centuries was connected with one of the most prominent Iranian personalities represented by Shaykh Tusi and his children, students and followers. With his extensive efforts, Shaykh Tusi strengthened the schools of Shia jurisprudence, hadith and theology(kalam) and established a great scientific movement in Najaf and became a specialized scientific school in the field of jurisprudence, hadith, theology(kalam) and Tafsir of Shia. After the Al- Būya Shiite government, in the Seljuk government contrary to Sunnism and Shiite persecution, they could not stop the Husayni rituals, especially in the Najaf al-Ashraf.The scientific movement of Najaf al-Ashraf never stopped and continued to move in the discussed period.
Najaf al-Ashraf flourished before the Iranian rule over Iraq, but political stability, especially during the Al- Būya rule in Iraq, contributed to the cityʹs commercial prosperity. Because of the rivers built by the Iranian governments, agriculture and industry flourished. The industries of Najaf al-Ashraf flourished during this period.The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to answer the question of the political, social, cultural and economic role of Iranians in Najaf al-Ashraf during the period under discussion
