چكيده لاتين
The dating of verses and surahs of the Qurʹan with the aim of determining the exact or approximate date of the revelation of the verses uses evidence such as the narrations of the reasons for the revelation, the order of revelation, Meccan and Madani, Abrogated and outdatedand the events of the time of the Prophet (PBUH). In the dating method, the attention of researchers has been mainly focused on Sunni sources and the opinions of the Companions and followers, and most of the descent lists have also been narrated in this way; While in the narrative interpretations of the Imamiyyah, examples and clues can be obtained for the dating of the verses. In this research, five narrative interpretations of the Imamiyyah including the interpretations of Qomi, Forat Kufi, and Ayyashi from the early period, and the interpretations of Al-Borhan and Noor al-Saqlain from the later period, have been studied in detail and completely. The distinction between narrations and non-narratives has also been made in selected interpretations. Qomiʹs interpretation is mixed with narration and non-narrative, In other interpretations, if some of the quotations of Qommiʹs commentary in the interpretations of al-Barhan and Noor al-Saghaleen, which are based on quoting non-narrative texts, are omitted, the rest of the cases are all narrated in the form of narrations from different sources.The important point is that The authors of late period commentaries have used their personal opinion in selecting the hadiths; Therefore, although there are many commonalities in the dating of the verses of these five interpretations, each of these interpretations also has its own unique points. Also, in some cases, later commentaries have omitted some non-narrative texts of Qommiʹs commentary when quoting from it, and these cases have been mentioned during the research. In the current research using the descriptive and analytical method, the basics and the method of dating the verses from the narrative interpretations of the Imamiyyah have been fully explored. The results of the research in the field of dating the foundations of the five interpretations are: gradual and gradual revelation of the Qurʹan, continuous and discrete revelation, the occurrence of distortions in the Qurʹan, inconsistency between the time of the revelation of the verse and its ruling, Compilation of the verses in the current Mushaf by the companions of the Prophet (PBUH). Regarding the Compilation of the verses in the current Mushaf by the companions of the Prophet (PBUH), in addition to the traditions that indicate the compilation of the Qurʹan after the Prophet (PBUH) and its arrangement only by the Prophet (PBUH), other evidences also strengthen this issue; For example, the existence of phrases: Qasmwa Al-Qurʹan wa Lam Yalfuh Ali Ma Anzala Allah, kan yajb an takkun in this Surah, examples related to the inflection of verses (either the inflection of verses of one sura or the inflection of verses from different suras) And also the occurrence of precedence and delay in abrogated and abrogated verses. The method of dating in these commentaries is: the description of the place of revelation of the verses and surahs, the description of the Prophetʹs (PBUH) campaigns and the revelation of different verses before or after them, the narrations related to the first and last verses revealed, and the narrations related to the first and last Revealed surahs, abrogated and abrogated verses and the reasons for the revelation of the verses that help to discover the exact or approximate date of the revelation of the verses.
