ارزيابي توليد رنگدانه فيكوسيانين در سويه‌هاي مختلف ريزجلبك اسپيرولينا

eva‎luation of phycocyanin pigment production in different strains of Spirulina microalgae

زيست فناوري

Cyanobacteria are valuable components of aquatic ecosystems that significantly contribute to the production of photosynthetic products. Spirulina species possess a high protein content, a rich composition of minerals, antioxidants and valuable essential amino acids. Therefore, these species have received special attention in terms of nutritional value and medicinal activities. In addition, Spirulina biomass can be used to extract high-value products, such as pigments, including chlorophyll a, beta-carotene and phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is a valuable chromoprotein that is used as a color in food (gum, dairy products, gel, etc.) and cosmetics. Phycocyanin also has therapeutic value (immune modulating activity and anticancer activity). This research was conducted in order to extract phycocyanin from spirulina and also to optimize the production of phycocyanin by examining four effective factors including culture composition, light intensity, nitrogen source and light wavelength. The amount of produced biomass as well as phycocyanin and its purity were measured by changing each parameter. To analyze the data obtained from the algal strain growth experiments, a two-way statistical test with repeated measures (Repeated Measures ANOVA Tow-way) was used using GraphPad Prism software (version 9.0.0). P-value values less than 0.05 were considered significant and the results showed that spirulina grown in Zarrouk culture medium modified with potassium nitrate in red-light wavelength with intensity of 2500 lux had the highest production biomass of 2.14 g/L, but the highest amount of phycocyanin extracted was achieved by freeze-thaw method. It was obtained with high purity in the Zarrouk culture medium illuminated with green light and intensity of 2500 lux with a concentration of 0.68 g/liter and a purity of 1.38.

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