چكيده لاتين
One of the fundamental issues in the field of human sciences, including philosophy, mysticism, theology, as well as today in psychology and educational sciences, is the issue of spirituality. Spirituality is actually an effort to fill the void of meaning in human life, especially modern man. However, there are different approaches to this issue and different definitions of the nature and essence of spirituality have been presented. This research investigates spirituality and its scope, as well as its individual and social effects according to Dr. Dinaniʹs intellectual system. Professor Gholamhossein Ebrahimi Dinani, a contemporary Muslim philosopher and sage, is considered one of the prominent students of Allameh Tabatabai. In his view, as soon as man starts thinking about the origin of existence and himself, he has stepped into the boundless valley of spirituality. He considers the only way of conduct as "reasoning" and the true temple as "reason". Therefore, the present article tries to deal with this issue in a problem-oriented style and with a descriptive-analytical method of inferential type.
The findings of the research show that the spirituality in Dinani’s view is not exclusive to a certain Sharia, as the apparent followers of religions believe, and it is not like morality minus religion, as secular thinkers present. From Dr. Dinaniʹs point of view, spirituality is the equivalent of the world of meaning; which is an infinite and esoteric matter, and its highest order is realized in connection with the Almighty. Another result obtained from the present research is the relation between rationality and spirituality in his thought. Since spirituality is transcendence, going beyond the world of matter and stepping into the infinite valley of meaning and the world of presence, it has no other way than reason and awareness. Because intellect, like meaning, is an extra-sensory and inner matter; Therefore, based on the resemblance of these two, Dr. Dinani considers spirituality to be a manifestation of rationality. According to this view, any kind of definition of spirituality, such as newly emerging mysticisms, etc., which is incompatible with reason, is invalid and will not bring a person to his destination. Spirituality, relying only on rationality, can bring man from pluralism and dualities to the world of unity, which is the valley of peace and tranquility. In this worldview, love and spirituality can also be seen as mutual. Because just as spirituality is transcending multitudes and reaching unity, love is also the loverʹs passing away from himself and becoming mortal in the beloved and thus reaching unity.
