چكيده لاتين
The Book of monothesime of Usul-e-Kafi contains the most excellent Shia monotheistic teachings, which have been explained by each of Mullah Sadra and Allameh Majlisi. The present treatise has dealt with the root of the differences between these two descriptions in the approach, method and reasoning using a descriptive-analytical method. The foundations considered by the commentators, the purpose, the place and limits of reason, transmission, discovery and pseudo-interpretation have been effective for them in the aforementioned disputes.
Mulla Sadra has a problem-oriented approach to hadiths. In his description, almost all the themes of the narrative are explained with his rational-philosophical approach and method and arguments based on his ontological foundations. The reason for adopting such an approach, method and arguments on his part is the following: First of all, having the foundations and a coherent and comprehensive system of transcendental wisdom centered on the originality of existence has made it possible for Mulla Sadra to philosophically explain the monotheistic issues included in the hadiths. Secondly, his goal is to meditate on the meanings of hadiths using philosophical reasoning. Thirdly, according to him, reason has a place and wide limits in understanding the verses and traditions and a reliable way to reach the truth, and the law of truth and certain teachings are compatible. Another part of narrations is described by Mulla Sadra with a philosophical-mystical and sometimes interpretative approach and method, which has its roots in the place and limits of Kashf and mysticism for him. According to him, true discovery and reason are united, and theoretical and practical reason find unity in the last degrees of perfection, which is the level of annihilation desired by mystics. Therefore, his description is full of explanations based on the principles of mysticism and the opinions of mystics. By taking advantage of these foundations and considering the degree of influence in science, he has found degrees of pseudo-interpretation and based on criteria such as the comprehensiveness of analogy and contrast, he takes care of rational standards and appropriateness with the meaning of pseudo interpretations.
In the section of Allameh Majlesi's differences with Mulla Sadra, the predominance of the descriptive-descriptive and narrative approach and method in Allameh's description is the most important difference. The root of this approach and method is in several things: First, his goal is to deal with deviant thought processes with the help of verses and narrations, to solve the problems of words, to discover their disadvantages and to convey the opinions of the best. Secondly, despite his belief in reason as a tool of knowledge and his tendencies towards Mulla Sadra, but the limits and positions of benefiting from it are much more limited than what Sadra has. Therefore, Allameh's approach and method are appropriate to this view in different positions, including mere narration, rational-narrative and rational-philosophical. Thirdly, due to the non-acceptance of mystical foundations, such as the unity of existence and the secret nature of creation, his description is devoid of a mystical approach and method. Also, the exclusivity of the possibility of pseudo interpretation in the innocents, peace be upon them, has prevented him from adopting the method of pseudo interpretation. The prevailing narrative view in her explanation, especially in proving monotheism and divine attributes, can lead to the undesirable consequences of extreme newsism in this field and reduce the ability to rationally explain such issues from the stream of Shiite thought against doubts and misguided differences.
